A provisional growth model with a size–density relationship for a plantation of Paraserianthes falcataria derived from measurements taken over 2 years in Pare, Indonesia

Abstract

A growth model for a plantation of Paraserianthes falcataria was provisionally derived from measurements of 32 permanent plots taken over a period of 2 years in Pare, Indonesia. This model first predicts height growth with the polymorphic site index equation. Then density-related growth and mortality, that is, diameter and stand density, are calculated to satisfy the mathematical relationship for the reciprocal and self-thinning equations, both of which were based on the maximum size-density line with the slope of -1.759 identified in this study. Cumulative predictions on diameter and stand density, starting with each of three age classes, 3, 4, and 5 years after planting, and continuing for the next 2 years, agreed well with the observations of age-class mean. An exception was for stands that were 7 years old, which were marginal, but closest to the rotation age of 8 years. Contrasting height/diameter relationships among the three age classes were described reasonably well with this model, and the predicted basal growth area was found to agree fairly well with observations. These results suggest that the growth model presented here has good potential for applying sizedensity control for plantations of P. falcataria. However, measurements for an additional few years might be necessary to derive a model that will more accurately predict diameter size at the rotation age.

A stem taper equation compatible to volume equation forParaserianthes falcatariain Pare, East Java, Indonesia: its implications for the plantation management

“…Therefore, rotation age for sawntimber production might be better extended to at least 8 years old for the plantation of P. falcataria at an average site, although the additional volume growth around the rotation age seems small. This rotation age is not so much different from the conventional one adopted by Perum Perhutani in this region, where most of the plantations are managed with an 8-years rotation with 2 m · 3 m initial spacing (Kurinobu et al 2007). The conventional rotation is 1 year or possibly 2 years shorter than the optimum one, and this discrepancy might be partly due to the difference between assumed intensity of thinning and that actually practiced, or in their production purpose, which would cover core-wood and small blockboard from the smaller size of logs.…”

“…4. The total volume and that of sawn timber were estimated using average height and dbh predicted by the growth model (Kurinobu et al 2007) under two types of initial spacing: 2 m · 3 m and 3 m · 3 m ( Table 5). The proportion of sawn timber was small at 6 years old: 9% in 2 m · 3 m spacing and 21% in 3 m · 3 m spacing, while it increased almost linearly for the successive 2 years to reach 67% in 2 m · 3 m spacing and 80% in 3 m · 3 m spacing (Fig.…”

“…To investigate an appropriate rotation age for sawntimber production in the plantation of P. falcataria, average height and diameter under typical tending regimes were predicted with a currently developed growth model consisting of a polymorphic site index equation, a reciprocal equation for diameter-density effect, and a selfthinning equation (Kurinobu et al 2007). Then they were used to estimate total stem volume and stem volume up to the top diameter 20 cm at each stand age by Eqs.…”

Paraserianthes falcataria (L.) Nielsen: Ecology, silviculture and productivity

“…Bhat et al (1998) reported that, under favourable conditions, the trees can reach a height of 7 m in 1 year, 16 m in 3 years and 33 m in 9 years. Kurinobu et al (2007a) reported that P. falcataria trees in 3-5-year-old stands growing in state-owned plantations in Kediri (East Java) have a mean diameter of 11.3-18.7 cm (maximum diameter 25.8 cm) with a mean height of 11.7-20.5 m (maximum height 23.5 m).…”

Overexpression of Poplar Cellulase Accelerates Growth and Disturbs the Closing Movements of Leaves in Sengon

“…It even thrives in marginal land, where it grows symbiotically with nitrogen-fixing Rhizobium and phosphorus-promoting mycorrhizal fungi. Therefore, it is a suitable species for industrial timber estates in southeast Asian countries (Binkley et al, 2003;Shively et al, 2004;Kurinobu et al, 2007;Siregar et al, 2007). The sengon tree typically gains 7 m in height per year and reaches a mean height of 25.5 m and a bole diameter of 17 cm after 6 years.…”