A proteomics approach to decipher the molecular nature of planarian stem cells

Fernandéz-Taboada, Enrique; Rodríguez-Esteban, Gustavo; Saló, Emili; Abril, Josep F.

doi:10.1186/1471-2164-12-133

Cited by 35 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…A proteomics approach to decipher the molecular nature of planarian stem cells recently identified a member of the hsp40/DnaJ gene family as a stem cell-specific hsp gene (Fernández-Taboada et al, 2011). The complete hsp40 planarian gene, identified in silico in S. mediterranea (genomic region v31.000.171), encodes a protein of 345 aminoacids, typified by the conserved J domain at the N terminus followed by a Gly/Phe-rich region ( Supplementary Fig.…”

Section: Hsp40/dnaj Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the presence of neoblasts, planarians may significantly contribute to the understanding of the role of HSPs in stem cells. While some studies have mainly focused on the role of HSPs as biomarkers of genotoxic stress in planarians (Guecheva et al, 2003;Sánchez Navarro et al, 2009), only recently hsp gene expression and function has been characterized in these organisms with the aim to assess how these proteins contribute to the mechanisms that regulate stem cell activity (Conte et al, 2009(Conte et al, , 2010Fernández-Taboada et al, 2011). Table I summarizes the current information on hsp genes recently characterized in planarians.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stem cell protection mechanisms in planarians: the role of some heat shock genes

Isolani¹,

Conte²,

Deri³

et al. 2012

Int. J. Dev. Biol.

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Planarians contain a large population of stem cells, named neoblasts, and use these for continuous turnover of all cell types. In addition, thanks to the amazing flexibility of these cells, planarians respond well to the effects of stressful situations, for example activating regeneration after trauma. How neoblasts respond to stress and support continuous proliferation, maintaining long-term stability, is still an open question. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are a complex protein family with key roles in maintaining protein homeostasis, as well as in apoptosis and growthrelated processes. We recently characterized some planarian homologs of hsp genes that are highly expressed in mammalian stem cells, and observed that some of them are critical for neoblast survival/maintenance. The results of these studies support the notion that some HSPs play crucial roles in the modulation of pathways regulating stem cell activity, regeneration and tissue repair. In this review we compare the evidence available for planarian hsp genes and focus on questions emerging from these results.

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Section: Hsp40/dnaj Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stem cell protection mechanisms in planarians: the role of some heat shock genes

Isolani¹,

Conte²,

Deri³

et al. 2012

Int. J. Dev. Biol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…As Huang et al [41] suggested, small changes in gene expression can entail large effects on embryo development, and molecular differences between both types of embryos could be found at different levels from mRNA transcript abundance. Although cDNA analysis could improve mRNA EXPRESSION IN RABBIT EMBRYOS AFTER FREEZING our understanding of many processes, data generated are insufficient to explain complex cellular systems and often fail to reflect the influence of epigenetic changes, micro-RNA silencing, posttranscriptional modifications, or protein interactions [41,42]. Further analysis could find out which of the 70 transcript alterations observed goes one step beyond and has direct consequences on embryo physiology due to a change at the protein level.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Effects of Slow Freezing Procedure on Late Blastocyst Gene Expression and Survival Rate in Rabbit1

Saenz-de-Juano

Marco‐Jiménez

Peñaranda

et al. 2012

Biology of Reproduction

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Studies of embryo cryopreservation efficiency have focused mainly on technical and embryo factors. To determine how a slow freezing process affects embryo and fetal development, we studied in vivo development ability after the freezing procedure by assessing blastocyst development at Day 6, implantation, and birth rates. A transcriptional microarray study was also performed to compare gene expression of 6-day-old rabbit embryos previously frozen and transferred into recipient rabbit females to their in vivo counterparts. Our goal was to study which alteration caused by the freezing procedure still remained in late blastocyst stage just at the time when the implantation process began. A microarray specifically designed to study rabbit gene expression profiling was used in this study. Lower implantation and birth rates were obtained in frozen embryos than in the control group (29.9% and 25.7% vs 88.5% and 70.8% for frozen and control embryos, respectively). Likewise, differences were also observed in gene expression profiles. Compared to 6-day-old in vivo-derived embryos, viable frozen embryos presented 70 differentially expressed genes, 24 upregulated and 46 downregulated. In conclusion, our findings showed that the slow freezing process affected late blastocyst development, implantation, and birth rates and that the gene expression alterations identified at late blastocyst stage could be useful in understanding the differences in developmental potential observed and the deficiencies that might hinder implantation and fetal development.

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“…Prominent among them were the homologues of the genes piwi, vasa, nanos, pumilio, tudor, bruno, MCM2, pcna, cyclin B, cbc, innexin, and many other found in microarrays studies and transcriptome and proteomic analyses (for further details see Reddien et al, 2005;Rossi et al, 2007;Oviedo and Levin, 2007;Eisenhoffer et al, 2008;Fernández-Taboada et al, 2011). These markers were used in the first single-cell simultaneous analysis of gene expression and cell cycle state of neoblasts using FACS and real-time PCR (Hayashi et al, 2010).…”

Section: Last Developments and The End Of The Storymentioning

confidence: 99%

The planarian neoblast: the rambling history of its origin and some current black boxes

Baguñà¹

2012

Int. J. Dev. Biol.

142

111

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First described by Randolph in 1897, the nature and main features of planarian neoblasts have a long rambling history. While their morphologically undifferentiated features have long been recognized, their origin and actual role during regeneration have been highly debated. Here I summarize the main stages of this rambling history: 1) undifferentiated, wandering cells of uncertain origin with a main, albeit undefined, role in regeneration (1890-1940s); 2) quiescent, undifferentiated cells whose main function is to build the blastema during regeneration, an idea which culminated in the 'neoblast theory' of the French School (1940-1960); 3) neoblasts as temporal, undifferentiated cells arising by dedifferentiation from differentiated cells (the 'cell dedifferentiation theory'; 1960-1980s); 4) a new paradigm, starting in the late 1970s-early 1980s, that brought together the role of neoblasts as the main cell for regeneration, with its more important role as somatic stem cells for the daily wear and tear of tissues and as the source of germ cells; and 5) more recent developments that culminate in the report of rescuing lethally irradiated planarians by injection of single neoblasts, which makes of neoblasts an unrivaled toti-, pluripotent somatic stem cell system in the Animal Kingdom. I finally discuss some "black boxes" regarding neoblasts which still baffle us, namely their phylogenetic and ontogenetic origins, their role in body size control, how their pool is regulated during growth and degrowth, the logic of their proliferative control, and some 'old' long-sought missing tools. KEY WORDS: planarian, neoblast, totipotency, dedifferentiation, stem cell A general overview of cell potency during developmentThe developmental potential of cells within embryos, and by extension in adult organisms has been one of the biggest riddles in Developmental Biology. A large amount of observations and experiments soon made clear that egg cells and early blastomeres in most phyla are totipotent cells (cells able to give rise to all cell types including germ cells). It also became evident that as development goes on, such potentialities, however ample, become restricted. After the morula stage in mammals, cells of the inner cell mass and from the outer trophoblasts are no longer totipotent but pluripotent (able to give rise to cell types of all three germ layers or to the placenta, respectively). Later, embryonic germ layers segregate. Embryonic outer cells (ectoderm), give rise to several epidermal derivatives together with central nervous system and neural crest cell types but not to any embryonic inner cells, or endoderm derivatives, and vice versa. Such cells are considered multipotent (able to give rise to several cell types). The final stage, the adult Int. J. Dev. Biol. 56: [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37] doi: 10.1387/ijdb.113463jb organism, is formed of thousands, millions, billions, or trillions of cells of different types (over 200-300 in complex vertebrates) patter...

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A proteomics approach to decipher the molecular nature of planarian stem cells

Cited by 35 publications

References 70 publications

Stem cell protection mechanisms in planarians: the role of some heat shock genes

Stem cell protection mechanisms in planarians: the role of some heat shock genes

Effects of Slow Freezing Procedure on Late Blastocyst Gene Expression and Survival Rate in Rabbit1

The planarian neoblast: the rambling history of its origin and some current black boxes

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