A proteomic analysis of differentiating dopamine neurons derived from human embryonic stem cells

Abstract

Human embryonic stem cells (hESC) are being exploited for potential use in cell transplantation due to their capacity for self-renewal and pluripotency. Dopamine (DA) neurons derived from hESC represent a promising source of cell replacement therapy for Parkinson’s disease (PD). While gene expression on the transcriptome level has been extensively studied, limited information is available for the proteome-level changes associated with DA neuron differentiation. Here we analyzed the proteome of differentiating DA neurons to search for the potential biomarkers to assess the efficiency of differentiation. Although the proteome profile of DA neurons did not exhibit significant changes, a number of cytoskeletal proteins including nuclear lamin, tropomyosin 1, and myosin light chain 1 were specifically up-regulated during differentiation. Expression analysis of the respective genes was also consistent with the proteome results. In addition, these differentially expressed proteins form protein interaction network with several PD-related proteins suggesting that they may play roles in PD pathogenesis as well as the maturation of DA neurons.

Generation of embryonic stem cells derived from the inner cell mass of blastocysts of outbred ICR mice

“…Although human ESCs differentiated into numerous types of cells are considered valuable tools for cell therapy (Gerecht-Nir and Itskovitz-Eldor 2004;Ryu et al 2019), their maintenance and manipulation are costly and difficult, and require high-end facilities of good manufacturing practice (GMP) level (McKee and Chaudhry 2017; Ye et al 2017). By contrast, maintenance and manipulation of the established ICR ESCs are cheaper and easier than those of human ESCs and advanced facilities are not required.…”

Background and roles: myosin in autoimmune diseases

“…Transcriptome changes involving a complex set of cytoskeletal proteins, including nuclear lamin, tropomyosin 1, and myosin light chain 1, were specifically upregulated during Parkinson's disease pathogenesis (Ryu et al, 2019). Pink1 −/− mice (Parkinson's disease model) showed enhanced tongue press force with relative increases in myosin heavy chain IIa in the styloglossus but typical myosin heavy chain profiles in the genioglossus (Glass et al, 2020).…”

Research progress on the effects and mechanisms of anesthetics on neural stem cells

“…Neural stem cells (NSCs) are defined as cells having the ability to proliferate, self‐renew, and produce a large number of functional progeny, which can differentiate into neurons, astrocytes, or oligodendrocytes (the three main cell types of the central nervous cell [CNS]). Such ability of NSCs to differentiate into several types of cells, named pluripotency, is finely controlled by genomic, biochemical, and physical factors 1–3 . Studies have shown that gene expressions, as well as the ability of NSCs to self‐renew and differentiate, are spatiotemporally specific.…”

“…Such ability of NSCs to differentiate into several types of cells, named pluripotency, is finely controlled by genomic, biochemical, and physical factors. 1 , 2 , 3 Studies have shown that gene expressions, as well as the ability of NSCs to self‐renew and differentiate, are spatiotemporally specific. NSCs are available throughout the development process and continue to exist in the adults' nervous systems.…”