A proteolytically activated antimicrobial toxin encoded on a mobile plasmid of Bacteroidales induces a protective response

Evans, Jordan C; McEneany, Valentina Laclare; Coyne, Michael J.; Caldwell, Elizabeth Perry; Sheahan, Madeline L.; Von, Salena S.; Coyne, Emily M.; Tweten, Rodney K.; Comstock, Laurie E.

doi:10.1038/s41467-022-31925-w

Cited by 20 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…We also found strong associations between Phocaeicola vulgatus and Roseburia intestinalis and fitness scores (r values of 0.17 and -0.17, respectively). Although the function of Phocaeicola vulgatus remains ambiguous [ 55 ], Roseburia intestinalis is known to prevent inflammation and maintain homeostasis [ 56 ]. The correlations were specific to a few parameters, and no universal set of bacteria influencing all parameters could be identified in the same way.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiome features associated with performance measures in athletic and non-athletic individuals: A case-control study

Humińska-Lisowska,

Zielińska,

Mieszkowski

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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The influence of human gut microbiota on health and disease is now commonly appreciated. Therefore, it is not surprising that microbiome research has found interest in the sports community, hoping to improve health and optimize performance. Comparative studies found new species or pathways that were more enriched in elites than sedentary controls. In addition, sport-specific and performance-level-specific microbiome features have been identified. However, the results remain inconclusive and indicate the need for further assessment. In this case-control study, we tested two athletic populations (i.e. strength athletes, endurance athletes) and a non-athletic, but physically active, control group across two acute exercise bouts, separated by a 2-week period, that measured explosive and high intensity fitness level (repeated 30-s all-out Wingate test (WT)) and cardiorespiratory fitness level (Bruce Treadmill Test). While we did not identify any group differences in alpha and beta diversity or significant differential abundance of microbiome components at baseline, one-third of the species identified were unique to each group. Longitudinal sample (pre- and post-exercise) analysis revealed an abundance of Alistipes communis in the strength group during the WT and 88 species with notable between-group differences during the Bruce Test. SparCC recognized Bifidobacterium longum and Bifidobacterium adolescentis, short-chain fatty acid producers with probiotic properties, species strongly associated with VO2max. Ultimately, we identified several taxa with different baseline abundances and longitudinal changes when comparing individuals based on their VO2max, average power, and maximal power parameters. Our results confirmed that the health status of individuals are consistent with assumptions about microbiome health. Furthermore, our findings indicate that microbiome features are associated with better performance previously identified in elite athletes.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiome features associated with performance measures in athletic and non-athletic individuals: A case-control study

Humińska-Lisowska,

Zielińska,

Mieszkowski

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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“…Phocaeicola contributes to the breakdown of complex heteropolysaccharides into small-chain fatty acids and is thus known to play an essential role in the human colon 47 . Its roles are not well known, but it has been reported to influence the dominance of Bacteroidales species by producing antibacterial toxins 48 . However, whether this species and toxin are linked to gastrointestinal symptoms remains unknown.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alteration of the fecal microbiome in patients with cholecystectomy: potential relationship with postcholecystectomy diarrhea – before and after study

Noh¹,

Jung

Yang³

et al. 2023

International Journal of Surgery

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Background: Bile acid (BA) is a crucial determinant of the gut microbiome, and cholecystectomy can alter the physiology of BA. Physiological changes in BA resulting from cholecystectomy can also influence the gut microbiome. We aimed to identify the specific taxa associated with perioperative symptoms, including postcholecystectomy diarrhea (PCD), and to evaluate the effect of cholecystectomy on the microbiome by investigating the fecal microbiome of patients with gallstones. Methods: We analyzed the fecal samples of 39 patients with gallstones (GS group) and 26 healthy controls (HC group) to evaluate their gut microbiome. We also collected fecal samples from GS group 3 months postcholecystectomy. Symptoms of patients were evaluated before and after cholecystectomy. Further, 16S ribosomal RNA amplification and sequencing were performed to determine the metagenomic profile of fecal samples. Results: The microbiome composition of GS differed from that of HC; however, the alpha diversity was not different. No significant microbiome alterations were observed before and after cholecystectomy. Moreover, GS group showed a significantly lower Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio before and after cholecystectomy than the HC group (6.2, P<0.05). The inter-microbiome relationship was lower in GS than in HC and tended to recover 3 months after surgery. Furthermore, ~28.1% (n=9) of patients developed PCD after surgery. The most prominent species among PCD (+) patients was Phocaeicola vulgatus. Compared with the preoperative state, Sutterellaceae, Phocaeicola, and Bacteroidals were the most dominant taxa among PCD (+) patients. Conclusion: GS group showed a different microbiome from that of HC; however, their microbiomes were not different 3 months after cholecystectomy. Our data revealed taxa-associated PCD, highlighting the possibility of symptom relief by restoring the gut microbiome.

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“…We grew the donor strain Phocaeicola vulgatus MSK 17.67 pBI143- tetQ and recipient strains to an OD600 of ∼ 0.7 and mixed them at a 10:1 ratio (v:v) donor to recipient, and spotted 10 µl onto BHIS plates and grew them anaerobically for 20 h. We resuspended the co-culture spot in 1 mL basal media and cultured 10-fold serial dilutions on plates with erythromycin (to calculate number of recipients) or erythromycin and tetracycline (4.5 µg/ml) (to select for transconjugants). We performed multiplex PCR as described 116, 117 to confirm that TetR ErmR colonies were the recipient strain containing pBI143-tetQ (Supplementary Fig. 2).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A highly conserved and globally prevalent cryptic plasmid is among the most numerous mobile genetic elements in the human gut

Fogarty

Schechter

Lolans

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Plasmids are extrachromosomal genetic elements that often encode fitness enhancing features. However, many bacteria carry 'cryptic' plasmids that do not confer clear beneficial functions. We identified one such cryptic plasmid, pBI143, which is ubiquitous across industrialized gut microbiomes, and is 14 times as numerous as crAssphage, currently established as the most abundant genetic element in the human gut. The majority of mutations in pBI143 accumulate in specific positions across thousands of metagenomes, indicating strong purifying selection. pBI143 is monoclonal in most individuals, likely due to the priority effect of the version first acquired, often from one's mother. pBI143 can transfer between Bacteroidales and although it does not appear to impact bacterial host fitness in vivo, can transiently acquire additional genetic content. We identified important practical applications of pBI143, including its use in identifying human fecal contamination and its potential as an inexpensive alternative for detecting human colonic inflammatory states.

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A proteolytically activated antimicrobial toxin encoded on a mobile plasmid of Bacteroidales induces a protective response

Cited by 20 publications

References 49 publications

Microbiome features associated with performance measures in athletic and non-athletic individuals: A case-control study

Microbiome features associated with performance measures in athletic and non-athletic individuals: A case-control study

Alteration of the fecal microbiome in patients with cholecystectomy: potential relationship with postcholecystectomy diarrhea – before and after study

A highly conserved and globally prevalent cryptic plasmid is among the most numerous mobile genetic elements in the human gut

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