A Proteoglycan-Like Molecule Offers Insights Into Ground Substance Changes During Holothurian Intestinal Regeneration

Vázquez-Vélez, Gabriel E.; Rodríguez-Molina, José F.; Quiñones-Frías, Mónica C.; Pagán, María; García‐Arrarás, José E.

doi:10.1369/0022155416645781

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(43 reference statements)

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“…This is manifested, first, as variation in the number of collagen fibrils. Since gut regeneration in holothurians is based on the luminal epithelium migration into the connective-tissue thickening, therefore, the presence of collagen is expected to inhibit the gut growth [ 158 ]. It has been shown that collagen degradation in the connective-tissue thickening of H. glaberrima occurs after 5–7 dpe [ 100 , 158 ].…”

Section: Regeneration After Posterior Eviscerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, the substances that make up the amorphous component of connective tissue, such as proteoglycans, are retained in the ECM throughout the regeneration period in H. glaberrima . This indicates that they are necessary for the regeneration process, or, at least, do not interfere with it [ 158 ].…”

Section: Regeneration After Posterior Eviscerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The decrease in timp expression removes the inhibition of MMPs and allows them to degrade collagen and modify ECM at this site. The reduction in collagen content is associated with the activation of coelomic epithelial cell migration [ 158 ]. Such a local change in the ECM composition probably triggers the processes of coelomic epithelium embedding in the connective-tissue thickening and transdifferentiation of its cells.…”

Section: Regeneration After Anterior Eviscerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular Aspects of Regeneration Mechanisms in Holothurians

Dolmatov

2021

Genes

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Holothurians, or sea cucumbers, belong to the phylum Echinodermata. They show good regenerative abilities. The present review provides an analysis of available data on the molecular aspects of regeneration mechanisms in holothurians. The genes and signaling pathways activated during the asexual reproduction and the formation of the anterior and posterior parts of the body, as well as the molecular mechanisms that provide regeneration of the nervous and digestive systems, are considered here. Damage causes a strong stress response, the signs of which are recorded even at late regeneration stages. In holothurian tissues, the concentrations of reactive oxygen species and antioxidant enzymes increase. Furthermore, the cellular and humoral components of the immune system are activated. Extracellular matrix remodeling and Wnt signaling play a major role in the regeneration in holothurians. All available morphological and molecular data show that the dedifferentiation of specialized cells in the remnant of the organ and the epithelial morphogenesis constitute the basis of regeneration in holothurians. However, depending on the type of damage, the mechanisms of regeneration may differ significantly in the spatial organization of regeneration process, the involvement of different cell types, and the depth of reprogramming of their genome (dedifferentiation or transdifferentiation).

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Section: Regeneration After Posterior Eviscerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Regeneration After Posterior Eviscerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Regeneration After Anterior Eviscerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular Aspects of Regeneration Mechanisms in Holothurians

Dolmatov

2021

Genes

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“…This conclusion is consistent with previous studies that established the interaction of Notch signaling with other signaling pathway including, for example, the Bmp and Wnt pathways in the vertebrate heart development and repair (10), interaction between the Notch and Wnt signaling systems in Drosophila development and human cancers (37), and with the Wnt, BMP, and Yap/Taz pathways in regulation of neuronal stem cells (38). Second, a number of studies have previously demonstrated a crucial role of the extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling in echinoderm regeneration (24,(39)(40)(41). However, the upstream molecular mechanisms that initiate and coordinate these changes have remained unknown.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Active Notch Signaling is Required for Arm Regeneration in a Brittle Star

Mashanov

Akiona

Khoury

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Cell signaling pathways play vital roles in coordinating cellular events in development. For example, the Notch signaling pathway is highly conserved across all multicellular animals and is known to coordinate a multitude of diverse cellular events, including proliferation, differentiation, fate specification, and cell death. Specific functions of the pathway are, however, highly context-dependent and are not well characterized in post-traumatic regeneration. Here, we use a small-molecule inhibitor of the pathway (DAPT) to demonstrate that Notch signaling is required for proper arm regeneration in the brittle star Ophioderma brevispina, a highly regenerative member of the phylum Echinodermata. We also employ a transcriptome-wide gene expression analysis to characterize the downstream genes controlled by the Notch pathway in the brittle star regeneration. We demonstrate that arm regeneration involves an extensive crosstalk between the Notch pathway and other cell signaling pathways. In the regrowing arm, Notch regulates the composition of the extracellular matrix, cell migration, proliferation, and apoptosis, as well as components of the innate immune response. We also show for the first time that Notch signaling regulates the activity of several transposable elements. Our data also suggests that one of the possible mechanisms through which Notch sustains its activity in the regenerating tissues is via suppression of Neuralized1.

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“…Second, a number of studies have previously demonstrated a crucial role of the extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling in echinoderm regeneration [24,[39][40][41]. However, the upstream molecular mechanisms that initiate and coordinate these changes have heretofore not been…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Active Notch signaling is required for arm regeneration in a brittle star

et al. 2020

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Cell signaling pathways play key roles in coordinating cellular events in development. The Notch signaling pathway is highly conserved across all multicellular animals and is known to coordinate a multitude of diverse cellular events, including proliferation, differentiation, fate specification, and cell death. Specific functions of the pathway are, however, highly contextdependent and are not well characterized in post-traumatic regeneration. Here, we use a small-molecule inhibitor of the pathway (DAPT) to demonstrate that Notch signaling is required for proper arm regeneration in the brittle star Ophioderma brevispina, a highly regenerative member of the phylum Echinodermata. We also employ a transcriptome-wide gene expression analysis (RNA-seq) to characterize the downstream genes controlled by the Notch pathway in the brittle star regeneration. We demonstrate that arm regeneration involves an extensive cross-talk between the Notch pathway and other cell signaling pathways. In the regrowing arm, Notch regulates the composition of the extracellular matrix, cell migration, proliferation, and apoptosis, as well as components of the innate immune response. We also show for the first time that Notch signaling regulates the activity of several transposable elements. Our data also suggests that one of the possible mechanisms through which Notch sustains its activity in the regenerating tissues is via suppression of Neuralized1.

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A Proteoglycan-Like Molecule Offers Insights Into Ground Substance Changes During Holothurian Intestinal Regeneration

Cited by 12 publications

References 30 publications

Molecular Aspects of Regeneration Mechanisms in Holothurians

Molecular Aspects of Regeneration Mechanisms in Holothurians

Active Notch Signaling is Required for Arm Regeneration in a Brittle Star

Active Notch signaling is required for arm regeneration in a brittle star

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