A Prospective Trial of the Microneedle Fractional Radiofrequency System Application in the Treatment of Infraorbital Dark Circles

Wu, Xianglei; Liu, Ying; Zhu, Jiafang; Yu, Wenxin; Lin, Xiaoxi

doi:10.2147/ccid.s372409

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 23 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…These porcine skin types resemble human skin in their histological architecture and cover a large spectrum of melanin density. Before treatment, we cleansed samples for subcutaneous tissue, shaved all hair, and noninvasively measured skin reflectance to determine its melanin density (Skintel® Melanin Reader™, Palomar Cynosure) and calculate the average melanin index (MI) for each skin type (MI; 0–100) [ 20 , 21 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melanin-dependent tissue interactions induced by a 755-nm picosecond-domain laser: complementary visualization by optical imaging and histology

et al. 2023

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Fractional picosecond-domain lasers (PSL) induce optical breakdown, which correlates histologically to vacuolization in the epidermis and dermis. In this ex vivo porcine study, we sought to establish a framework for the investigation of laser-tissue interactions and their dependence on melanin density. Light- (melanin index: 24.5 [0–100]), medium- (58.7), and dark-pigmented (> 98) porcine skin samples were exposed to a 755-nm fractional PSL and examined with dermoscopy, line-field confocal optical coherence tomography (LC-OCT), conventional OCT, and subsequently biopsied for digitally stained ex vivo confocal microscopy (EVCM) and histology, using hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and Warthin-Starry (WS) melanin staining. Dermoscopy showed focal whitening in medium- and dark-pigmented skin. Similarly, LC-OCT and OCT visualized melanin-dependent differences in PSL-induced tissue alterations. Vacuoles were located superficially in the epidermis in dark-pigmented skin but at or below the dermal–epidermal junction in medium-pigmented skin; in light-pigmented skin, no vacuoles were observed. Histology confirmed the presence of vacuoles surrounded by areas void of WS staining and disrupted stratum corneum in darker skin. The combined use of optical imaging for multiplanar visualization and histological techniques for examination of all skin layers may mitigate the effect of common artifacts and attain a nuanced understanding of melanin-dependent laser-tissue interactions.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%