A Prospective Study of Skin Manifestations in Chronic Kidney Diseases

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Skin disorders associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD) can markedly affect a patient's quality of life and can negatively impact their mental and physical health. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this prospective study is to determine skin manifestation in chronic kidney disease. METHODS: In this descriptive, prospective, observational, cross sectional study, all patients who presented to the department of Medicine, Nephrology and dialysis unit, during this study period of 12 months from January 2011-December 2012, Farrukhabad were included. RESULTS: Total number of males in the study is 80 (80%), females in the study is 20 (20%). Number of patients in the age group 40-50 years was 18, 51-60years was 28, 61-70 years was 22, number of patients in 71-80 years was 20 and number of patients in the age group 81-90 years was 12. Hyperpigmentation was seen in 44 patients, pallor was seen in 96 patients, xerosis was seen in 68 patients, icthyosis was seen in 46 patients, pruritis was seen in 87 patients, Prurigo nodularis was seen in 26 patients, Acquired perforating dermatosis was seen in 13 patients, Purpura was seen in 34 patients, Pseudoporphyria was seen in 4 patients, Calcific uremic arteriolopathy (calciphylaxis) was seen in 14 patients, Benign nodular calcification was seen in 22 patients, Half-and-half nails was seen in 11 patients, Koilonychia was seen in 68 patients, Transverse leukonychia was seen in 43 patients, Onychomycosis was seen in 38 patients, Onycholysis was seen in 23 patients, Splinter haemorrhages was seen in 67 patients, Subungual hyperkeratosis was seen in 27 patients, Alopecia was seen in 36 patients, Red eyes (pingueculitis) was seen in 23 patients, Angular cheilitis was seen in 74 patients and uremic frost was seen in 8 patients. P value of pallor, Calcific uremic arteriolopathy (calciphylaxis), Koilonychia and Angular cheilitis were significant at <0.05. CONCLUSION: This study shows the spectrum of skin manifestation in our cohort.