A Prospective Study of Infants Born to Women Seropositive for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type I

Blanche, Stéphane; Rouzioux, Christine; Moscato, M. L.; Veber, Florence; Mayaux, Marie Jeanne; Jacomet, Christine; Tricoire, J; Deville, Anne; Vial, M C; Firtion, Ghislaine; Crepy, A. De; Douard, Danielle; Robin, Mathieu; Courpotin, C; Ciraru-Vigneron, N; Deist, Françoise Le; Griscelli, C

doi:10.1097/00132582-199001000-00011

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…This is in contrast with the gradual drop of absolute lymphocylc numbers during childhood which is also reflected in the ahsolute values of all these subsets. These observations in Table 1 may assist the diagnosis of HIV-1 infection in children born to HIV-l* mothers where serology is unhelpful as both HIV-I isolation and polymerase chain reaction may yield falsenegative results [47]. Normal children invariably show >25''/.. CD4.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Laboratory control values for CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes. Implications for HIV-1 diagnosis

Bofill

Jánossy

Lee

et al. 1992

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

194

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SUMMARYWith the advent of standard flow cytometric methods using two-colour fluorescence on satnpies of whole blood, it is possible to establish the ranges of CD3, CD4 and CD8 T lymphocyte subsets in the routine laboratory, and also to assist the definition of HIV-l-re!ated deviations from these normal values. In 676 HIV-I-seronegative individuals the lymphocyte subset percentages and absolute counts were determined. The samples taken mostly in the morning. The groups included heterosexual controls, people with various clotting disorders but without lymphocyte abnormalities as well as seronegative homosexual men as the appropriate controls for the HIV-I-infected groups. The stability of CD4"/ values was demonstrated throughout life, and in children CD4 values <25% could be regarded as abnormal. The absolute counts ofall Tcell subsetsdeereased from birth until the age of ID years. In adolescents and adults the absolute numbers {mean±s.d.) of lymphocytes, CD3. CD4 and CD8 eells were I 90 + 0-55. I 45 + 046. 083+029 and 056 + 0 23 X iO'*//, respectively. In patients with haemophilia A and B the mean values did not differ signifieantly. In homosexual men higher CD8 levels were seen compared with heterosexual men and 27"/;. had an inverted CD4/CD8 ratio but mostly without CD4 lymphopenia {CD4<04x 107/), However, some healthy uninfected people were 'physiologieally' lymphopenic without having inverted CD4/CD8 ratios. When the variations "within persons" were studied longitudinally over a 5-year period, the absolute CD4 counts tended to be fixed al different levels. As a marked contrast, over 60% of asymptomatic HIV-I ' patients exhibited low CD4 counts <04x 10"//together with inverted CD4/CD8 ratios. Such combined changes among the heterosexual and HIV-1-seronegative homosexual groups were as rare as 14% and 3%. respectively. For this reason, when the lymphoeyte tests show < 0-4 X IO**// CD4 eount and a CD4/CD8 ratio ofless than unity, the individuals need to be investigated further for ehronicity of this disorder, the signs of viral infections sueh as HIV-I and other eauses of immunodeficiency.

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Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 95%

Laboratory control values for CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes. Implications for HIV-1 diagnosis
Bofill
¹
,
Jánossy
²
,
Lee
³

et al. 1992
Clinical and Experimental Immunology
194
11
87
0
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“…One route of HIV transmission is from mother to child [1][2][3][4][5], Recent observations document ihc transplaeental passage of HIV, in some cases during early pregnancy [4][5][6][7][8]. The risk of fetal infection does not correlate wiih any particular material parameter, including T eell levels or circulating antibodies, but with the possible exception of some high-alfinily neutralizing antibodies [9 12], Recently, maternal antibodies able to inhibit syncytium formation between infected and CD4' cells were reported to be only detected during pregnancy, leading to contaminated children [13).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%

Human trophoblast cells express CD4 and are permissive for productive infection with HIV-1
David
¹
,
Autran
²
,
Tran
³

et al. 1992
Clinical and Experimental Immunology
56
0
18
1
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SUMMARY The European collaborative study of HIV‐infected pregnant women in Europe now indicates a 13% risk of fetal HIV infection (originally thought to be about 30%, and possibly higher in some countries). Several reports suggest trans‐placental passage. However, the detailed mechanisms associated with such vertical transmission have not yet been clarified. We have examined the possibility that HIV enters placental tissue from maternal blood via binding to CD4 and Fc receptors (FcR) at the trophoblast level, allowing intraplaccntal infection. Here we report the detection of several FcR with distinct localization in the placental villus as well as CD4 surface expression on human trophoblast cells. In addition, we show that trophoblastic cells interact specifically with the gp120/gp160 viral envelope protein. By their tissue localization, these receptors could be responsible for the entry of HIV into the fetal placental cells. Furthermore, purified placental cells can be directly infected by HIV in vitro, and the infection is inhibited by soluble CD4. This suggests a crucial role of the CD4 receptor but an additional way of entry cannot be excluded. Such an in vitro model may be suitable for further studies concerning placental HIV transmission and its prevention.

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“…This may have therapeutic implications in HIV infection as paediatric patients with AIDS and AIDS-related complex have been shown to have reduced thymulin levels in blood (Incefy et al, 1986). Progressive destruction of T cells coupled with viral interference with the mechanism of their restoration may account for the eventual development of severe immunosuppression in these children (Blanche et al, 1989). Furthermore, GH deficiency may also predispose patients with AIDS to infection by intracellular pathogens such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Aspergillus spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%

Growth hormone deficiency coupled with hypogonadism in AIDS
Ng
¹
,
O'connell
²
,
Wilkins
³

1994
Clinical Endocrinology
8
0
2
0
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Both growth hormone and sex steroid deficiencies are known to affect quality of life adversely. Hypogonadism is not infrequent in patients with AIDS and due mostly to hypothalamic or end-organ failure. The prevalence of GH deficiency is unknown. We report two cases of GH deficiency in AIDS, one of which was associated with gonadotroph failure. The significance of GH deficiency in HIV infection in terms of its potential effects on disease progression is discussed. Further studies are required to assess the prevalence of GH deficiency and to clarify its role in the immunopathogenesis of AIDS.

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A Prospective Study of Infants Born to Women Seropositive for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type I

Cited by 16 publications

References 0 publications

Laboratory control values for CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes. Implications for HIV-1 diagnosis

Laboratory control values for CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes. Implications for HIV-1 diagnosis

Human trophoblast cells express CD4 and are permissive for productive infection with HIV-1

Growth hormone deficiency coupled with hypogonadism in AIDS

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