A prospective study of homocysteine and its relation to body mass index and lipid profile in school children

Kumar, K. Jagadish; Saldanha, Karen; Sushma, K; Murthy, D. S.; Vishwanath, Prashanth

doi:10.1007/s13312-017-1185-0

Cited by 14 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Our data clearly show important differences in the transmethylation pathway, especially when comparing the HL and HO subjects. The HO showed higher levels of SAH and total homocysteine, similarity to the previously reported findings by Kumar et al [ 53 ]. These molecules have already been implicated in the development of atherosclerosis and CVD [ 20 , 54 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Redox Imbalance and Methylation Disturbances in Early Childhood Obesity

Barbosa

Melnyk

Bennuri

et al. 2021

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Obesity is increasing worldwide in prepubertal children, reducing the age of onset of associated comorbidities, including type 2 diabetes. Sulfur-containing amino acids, methionine, cysteine, and their derivatives play important roles in the transmethylation and transsulfuration pathways. Dysregulation of these pathways leads to alterations in the cellular methylation patterns and an imbalanced redox state. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that one-carbon metabolism is already dysregulated in prepubertal children with obesity. Peripheral blood was collected from 64 children, and the plasma metabolites from transmethylation and transsulfuration pathways were quantified by HPLC. The cohort was stratified by BMI z-scores and HOMA-IR indices into healthy lean (HL), healthy obese (HO), and unhealthy obese (UHO). Fasting insulin levels were higher in the HO group compared to the HL, while the UHO had the highest. All groups presented normal fasting glycemia. Furthermore, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) was lower while triglycerides and lactate levels were higher in the UHO compared to HO subjects. S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) and total homocysteine levels were increased in the HO group compared to HL. Additionally, glutathione metabolism was also altered. Free cystine and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) were increased in the HO as compared to HL subjects. Importantly, the adipocyte secretory function was already compromised at this young age. Elevated circulating leptin and decreased adiponectin levels were observed in the UHO as compared to the HO subjects. Some of these alterations were concomitant with alterations in the DNA methylation patterns in the obese group, independent of the impaired insulin levels. In conclusion, our study informs on novel and important metabolic alterations in the transmethylation and the transsulfuration pathways in the early stages of obesity. Moreover, the altered secretory function of the adipocyte very early in life may be relevant in identifying early metabolic markers of disease that may inform on the increased risk for specific future comorbidities in this population.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Redox Imbalance and Methylation Disturbances in Early Childhood Obesity

Barbosa

Melnyk

Bennuri

et al. 2021

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In regards to the relationship between overweight and obesity and HHcy in children, a recent study [103] examined 138 children (46 normal weight, 40 overweight, and 52 obese) and observed that the median Hcy levels in overweight (16.7µmol/L, range: 11.2-2.5) and obese children (16.6 7 µmol/L, range: 13.3-22.4) were significantly higher than in normal weight children (7.3 µmol/L, range 5.5-10.5), p = 0.001. Debohkordi et al [104], in a previous randomized double-blind controlled clinical trial on 60 obese and overweight children aged 5-12 years demonstrated that supplementation of 1 mg folic acid per day or 5 mg folic acid per day for 8 weeks had a positive effect on the reduction of HHcy and insulin resistance.…”

Section: Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Homocysteine: Its Possible Emerging Role in At-Risk Population Groups

Azzini

Ruggeri

Polito

2020

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Increased plasma homocysteine is a risk factor for several pathological disorders. The present review focused on the role of homocysteine (Hcy) in different population groups, especially in risk conditions (pregnancy, infancy, old age), and on its relevance as a marker or etiological factor of the diseases in these age groups, focusing on the nutritional treatment of elevated Hcy levels. In pregnancy, Hcy levels were investigated in relation to the increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes such as small size for gestational age at birth, preeclampsia, recurrent abortions, low birth weight, or intrauterine growth restriction. In pediatric populations, Hcy levels are important not only for cardiovascular disease, obesity, and renal disease, but the most interesting evidence concerns study of elevated levels of Hcy in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Finally, a focus on the principal pathologies of the elderly (cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disease, osteoporosis and physical function) is presented. The metabolism of Hcy is influenced by B vitamins, and Hcy-lowering vitamin treatments have been proposed. However, clinical trials have not reached a consensus about the effectiveness of vitamin supplementation on the reduction of Hcy levels and improvement of pathological condition, especially in elderly patients with overt pathologies, suggesting that other dietary and non-dietary factors are involved in high Hcy levels. The importance of novel experimental designs focusing on intra-individual variability as a complement to the typical case–control experimental designs and the study of interactions between different factors it should be emphasized.

show abstract

“…Of those, 104 studies reported on the prevalence of overweight and obesity separately. The prevalence of overweight ranged from 0.2% (India in 2017) (Kujur et al, 2020 ) to 73% (India in 2015) (Pawar, 2016 ) and the prevalence of obesity ranged from 0% in India in 2016 (Pawar, 2016 ; Savanur et al, 2017 ) and Pakistan in 2016 (Kapoor et al, 2018 ) to 38% (India in 2015) (K. J. Kumar et al 2017 ). However, all studies that reported an obesity prevalence of 0% were conducted among nonrepresentative samples, such as tribal communities.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional status of school‐age children (5–19 years) in South Asia: A scoping review

Choedon,

Brennan,

Joe

et al. 2023

Maternal & Child Nutrition

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Information on malnutrition for school‐age children and adolescents (5–19 years) in South Asia is fragmented and inconsistent, which limits the prioritization of nutrition policies, programmes and research for this age group. This scoping review aimed to synthesize existing evidence on the burden of malnutrition for children and adolescents aged 5–19 years in South Asia, and on interventions to improve their nutritional status. Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Medline and Google Scholar were systematically searched for articles published between January 2016 and November 2022. Eligible studies reported the prevalence of undernutrition, overweight/obesity, micronutrient deficiencies and unhealthy dietary intakes, and interventions that aimed to address these in South Asia. In total, 296 articles met our inclusion criteria. Evidence revealed widespread, yet heterogeneous, prevalence of undernutrition among South Asian children and adolescents: thinness (1.9%–88.8%), wasting (3%–48%), underweight (9.5%–84.4%) and stunting (3.7%–71.7%). A triple burden of malnutrition was evident: the prevalence of overweight and obesity ranged from 0.2% to 73% and 0% to 38% (with rapidly rising trends), respectively, alongside persistent micronutrient deficiencies. Diets often failed to meet nutritional requirements and high levels of fast‐food consumption were reported. Education, fortification, supplementation and school feeding programmes demonstrated beneficial effects on nutritional status. Comprehensive and regular monitoring of all forms of malnutrition among children and adolescents, across all countries in South Asia is required. Further, more large‐scale intervention research is needed to ensure policy and programmes effectively target and address malnutrition among children and adolescents in South Asia.

show abstract

A prospective study of homocysteine and its relation to body mass index and lipid profile in school children

Cited by 14 publications

References 9 publications

Redox Imbalance and Methylation Disturbances in Early Childhood Obesity

Redox Imbalance and Methylation Disturbances in Early Childhood Obesity

Homocysteine: Its Possible Emerging Role in At-Risk Population Groups

Nutritional status of school‐age children (5–19 years) in South Asia: A scoping review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About