A prospective, multi-institutional study of pediatric all-terrain vehicle crashes

Mazotas, Ioanna G.; Toal, Megan; Borrup, Kevin; Saleheen, Hassan; Hester, Allison L.; Copeland, Daniel R.; Danielson, Paul D.; DeRoss, Anthony L.; Lapidus, Garry; Bentley, George C.; Thaker, Shefali; Campbell, Brendan T.

doi:10.1097/ta.0000000000000266

Cited by 34 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Recent studies illustrate the ongoing and serious nature of ATV crashes. 10,11,15 One report showed that pediatric ATV-related traumas were associated with more interhospital transfers and higher injury severity scores than other trauma admissions. 15 …”

Section: Discussion Pediatric Fatalitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 The high risk for death and injury among youth is likely attributable to a number of factors, including physical and mental immaturity, lack of training and experience, operating adult-size machines, riding on roadways, not wearing a helmet, and carrying or being a passenger. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] According to the Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC), youth ,16 years of age have represented approximately one-quarter of all deaths and one-third of all US ATV-related injuries. 13 More than 40% of these pediatric deaths were children ,12 years of age.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Age-Based Risk Factors for Pediatric ATV-Related Fatalities

Denning¹,

Harland

Jennissen³

2014

Pediatrics

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WHAT'S KNOWN ON THIS SUBJECT: Younger age has been identified as an independent risk factor for all-terrain vehicle (ATV)-related injuries. Since the mid-1980s, one-third of ATVrelated deaths have involved children younger than 18 years of age. WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS:Using national data, we found both similarities and differences between pediatric age groups in the contribution of known risk factors to ATV-related deaths. The observed differences suggest the importance of targeting injury prevention approaches to specific age ranges. . Ninety-five percent of all pediatric fatalities were on adult-size vehicles. Victims ,6 years old had the highest proportion of girls (24%) and passengers (76%), and the lowest helmet use (17%). More than half of 6-to 11-year-old children were vehicle operators; 1 in 4 were carrying passengers in their own age range. Over the study period, 12-to 15-year-old children accounted for more than half of all pediatric ATV-related fatalities. The proportion of youth riding on the road increased with age, as did the proportion of collisions with other vehicles. Older teens had the highest proportions of roadway fatalities (72%) and collision events (63%), and 19% of their crashes involved alcohol. Head injuries occurred in 63% of victims (the major determinant being roadway riding), and helmets reduced the likelihood of head injury among fatal crash victims by 58%.CONCLUSIONS: There were significant differences between pediatric age groups in the relative contribution of known risk factors for ATV-related fatalities. Future injury prevention efforts must recognize these differences and develop interventions based on the age range targeted.

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Section: Discussion Pediatric Fatalitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-Based Risk Factors for Pediatric ATV-Related Fatalities

Denning¹,

Harland

Jennissen³

2014

Pediatrics

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“…Given the increased injuries in this age group, as well as data showing more than half of pediatric injuries had occurred on private land, advocacy efforts in our state were successful in further regulating this vulnerable population. 6,39,40 Figure 2 shows that the decline in injuries observed before 2010 was followed by an abrupt 28% drop in the populationbased rate after the absolute age restriction (<14 years old). Specifically, we saw a 50% reduction in injuries in the 10-to 13-year-old age group, suggesting that these strict guidelines contributed to the effects seen.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is ongoing discussion about what restrictions to include in state laws to best protect young riders. 6,18,26 Debate on the impact of education and training on injury and fatality rates is longstanding. Most ATV riders report having had minimal formal instruction in safe-riding practices.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 There were also ∼360 000 emergency department (ED) visits for children younger than 15 years old for ATV-related injuries between 2001 and 2010. 5,6 SxSs were involved in 335 fatalities and 506 injuries over a similar time frame, with drivers younger than 16 years old contributing to >50% of the incidents. 1,2 The significant morbidity and mortality associated with the use of ORVs by children has led to medical societies, legislators, and health care providers advocating for federal safety standards and injury prevention legislation.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Age Legislation and Off-Road Vehicle Injuries in Children

Flaherty

Raybould²,

Kelleher

et al. 2017

Pediatrics

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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:In 2010, the Massachusetts Legislature passed a comprehensive law that restricted off-road vehicle (ORV) use by children <14 years old and regulated ORV use by children up to the age of 18 years. We aimed to examine the impact of the 2010 Massachusetts law on the rates of ORV-related injuries. METHODS:A retrospective analysis was performed of Massachusetts emergency department (ED) and inpatient discharges between 2002 and 2013 as found in the Center for Health Information and Analysis database by using external causes of injury codes specific to ORV-related injuries. Yearly population-based rates were compared before and after the implementation of the law (2002-2010 vs 2011-2013) by using Poisson regression analysis and segmented regression.RESULTS: There were 3638 ED discharges and 481 inpatient discharges for ORV-related injuries in children across the 12-year study period. After the implementation of the law, the rate of ED discharges declined by 33% in 0-to 9-year-olds, 50% in 10-to 13-year-olds, and 39% in 14 to 17-year-olds (P < .0001). There was no significant decline in ED discharges for 25-to 34-year-olds. Inpatient hospital discharges were also reduced by 41% in 0-to 17-year-olds after implementation (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS:As compared with adults (ages 25-34 years), the population-based ORV-related injury rate of residents <18 years old significantly declined after the passage of legislation that imposed age restrictions and other safeguards for youth riders.abstract

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