A prospective analysis of the association between macronutrient intake and renal cell carcinoma in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition

Allen, Naomi E.; Roddam, Andrew; Sieri, Sabina; Boeing, Heiner; Jakobsen, Marianne Uhre; Overvad, Kim; Tjønneland, Anne; Halkjær, Jytte; Víneis, Paolo; Contiero, Paolo; Palli, Domenico; Tumino, Rosario; Mattiello, Amalia; Kaaks, Rudolf; Rohrmann, Sabine; Trichopoulou, Antonia; Zilis, Demosthenes; Koumantaki, Yvonni; Peeters, Petra H.M.; Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas; Barricarte, Aurelio; Rodríguez, Laudina; Dorronsoro, Miren; Sánchez, María José; Chirlaque, María Dolores; Esquius, Laura; Manjer, Jonas; Wallström, Peter; Ljungberg, Börje; Hallmans, Göran; Bingham, Sheila; Khaw, Kay Tee; Boffetta, Paolo; Norat, Teresa; Mouw, Traci; Riboli, Elio

doi:10.1002/ijc.24447

Cited by 33 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…No significant associations were found between intake of total fat, SFA, MUFA, or PUFA and renal cell cancer. Similarly, no significant associations were found for intake of total fat, SFA, MUFA, or PUFA in the EPIC-study with a mean follow-up of 8.8 years reported by Allen et al (171). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 50%

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Effect of the amount and type of dietary fat on cardiometabolic risk factors and risk of developing type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer: a systematic review

Schwab¹,

Lauritzen²,

Tholstrup³

et al. 2014

Food & Nutrition Research

318

255

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The effects of both the amount and quality of dietary fat have been studied intensively during the past decades. Previously, low-fat diets were recommended without much attention to the quality of fat, whereas there is general emphasis on the quality of fat in current guidelines. The objective of this systematic review (SR) was to assess the evidence of an effect of the amount and type of dietary fat on body weight (BW), risk factors, and risk of non-communicable diseases, that is, type 2 diabetes (T2DM), cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and cancer in healthy subjects or subjects at risk for these diseases. This work was performed in the process of updating the fourth edition of the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations from 2004. The literature search was performed in October 2010 covering articles published since January 2000. A complementary search was done in February 2012 covering literature until December 2011. Two authors independently selected articles for inclusion from a total of about 16,000 abstracts according to predefined criteria. Randomized controlled trials (RCT) and prospective cohort studies (PCS) were included as well as nested case–control studies. A few retrospective case–control studies were also included when limited or no data were available from other study types. Altogether 607 articles were quality graded and the observed effects in these papers were summarized. Convincing evidence was found that partial replacement of saturated fat (SFA) with polyunsaturated fat (PUFA) or monounsaturated fat (MUFA) lowers fasting serum/plasma total and LDL cholesterol concentrations. The evidence was probable for a decreasing effect of fish oil on concentration of serum/plasma total triglycerides as compared with MUFA. Beneficial effect of MUFA both on insulin sensitivity and fasting plasma/serum insulin concentration was considered as probable in comparisons of MUFA and carbohydrates versus SFA, whereas no effect was found on fasting glucose concentration in these comparisons. There was probable evidence for a moderate direct association between total fat intake and BW. Furthermore, there was convincing evidence that partial replacement of SFA with PUFA decreases the risk of CVD, especially in men. This finding was supported by an association with biomarkers of PUFA intake; the evidence of a beneficial effect of dietary total PUFA, n-6 PUFA, and linoleic acid (LA) on CVD mortality was limited suggestive. Evidence for a direct association between total fat intake and risk of T2DM was inconclusive, whereas there was limited-suggestive evidence from biomarker studies that LA is inversely associated with the risk of T2DM. However, there was limited-suggestive evidence in biomarker studies that odd-chain SFA found in milk fat and fish may be inversely related to T2DM, but these associations have not been supported by controlled studies. The evidence for an association between dietary n-3 PUFA and T2DM was inconclusive. Evidence for effects of fat on major types of cancer was inconclusive regarding both the amoun...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 50%

“…Two articles reported results from 14 PCS (171, 172). The article by Lee et al (172) comprises results from a pooled analysis of 13 PCS from Australia, Canada, Finland, Netherlands, Sweden, and the United States with follow-ups between 7 and 20 years.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the amount and type of dietary fat on cardiometabolic risk factors and risk of developing type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer: a systematic review

Schwab¹,

Lauritzen²,

Tholstrup³

et al. 2014

Food & Nutrition Research

318

255

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“…Over the past 2 decades, the association between fiber intake and RCC risk has been reported in one other prospective cohort (34) and in a handful of case-control studies (35)(36)(37)(38)(39). In the 2 largest studies, no association was observed in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer (34), whereas total dietary fiber intake was inversely related to RCC risk in a large Canadian population-based case-control study (35).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intake of fiber and fiber-rich plant foods is associated with a lower risk of renal cell carcinoma in a large US cohort

Daniel¹,

Park²,

Chow³

et al. 2013

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

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Background: Plant-based and fiber-rich diets high in vegetables, fruit, and whole grains are recommended to prevent cancer and chronic conditions associated with renal cell carcinoma (RCC), such as obesity, hypertension, and diabetes. Diet may play a role in the etiology of RCC directly and/or indirectly. Objective: In a large prospective cohort of US men and women, we comprehensively investigated dietary intake and food sources of fiber in relation to RCC risk. Design: Participants of the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study (n = 491,841) completed a self-administered questionnaire of demographics, diet, lifestyle, and medical history. Over 9 (mean) years of followup we identified 1816 incident cases of RCC. HRs and 95% CIs were estimated within quintiles by using multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression. Results: Total dietary fiber intake was associated with a significant 15-20% lower risk of RCC in the 2 highest quintiles compared with the lowest (P-trend ¼ 0.005). Intakes of legumes, whole grains, and cruciferous vegetables were also associated with a 16-18% reduced risk of RCC. Conversely, refined grain intake was positively associated with RCC risk in a comparison of quintile 5 with quintile 1 (HR: 1.19; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.39; P-trend = 0.04). The inverse association between fiber intake and RCC was consistent among participants who never smoked, had a body mass index [BMI (in kg/m 2 )] ,30, and did not report a history of diabetes or hypertension. Conclusions: Intake of fiber and fiber-rich plant foods was associated with a significantly lower risk of RCC in this large US cohort. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00340015.Am J Clin Nutr 2013;97:1036-43.

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“…Dietary fiber is rich in fruit and vegetables. Some studies [12, 40], although not all [23, 25, 41], have found that high intake of fiber may lower the risk of RCC development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consumption of fruits and vegetables and risk of renal cell carcinoma: a meta-analysis of observational studies

et al. 2017

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BackgroundThere have been inconsistent results about the association between consumption of fruits and vegetables and renal cell carcinoma (RCC) risk. We conducted a meta-analysis of the published observational studies to explore this association.ResultsNineteen observational studies (4 cohort, 1 pooled and 14 case-control studies), involving 10,215 subjects with RCC were part of this meta-analysis. The SRR for the highest vs. the lowest intake of vegetables was 0.73 (95% CI: 0.63–0.85; Pheterogeneity = 0.004, I2 = 53.5%), whereas for fruits it was 0.86 (95% CI: 0.75–0.98; Pheterogeneity = 0.012, I2 = 47.4%). Linear dose-response analysis also showed similar results, e.g., for per 1 serving/day increment of vegetables, the SRR was 0.90 (95% CI: 0.84–0.96) and for fruits it was 0.97 (95% CI: 0.93–1.01). Nonlinear association was only observed for vegetables (Pnonlinearity = 0.001), but not for fruits (Pnonlinearity = 0.221).Materials and MethodsEligible studies up to August 31, 2016 were identified and retrieved by searching MEDLINE and EMBASE databases along with manual review of the reference list from the retrieved studies. Quality of included studies was evaluated using Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale (NOS). Random-effects model was used to calculate summary relative risk (SRR) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI).ConclusionsThis meta-analysis indicated a protective effect of consumption of vegetables and fruits on RCC risk. Further studies are warranted with prospective designs that use validated questionnaires and control for important confounders.

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A prospective analysis of the association between macronutrient intake and renal cell carcinoma in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition

Cited by 33 publications

References 24 publications

Effect of the amount and type of dietary fat on cardiometabolic risk factors and risk of developing type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer: a systematic review

Effect of the amount and type of dietary fat on cardiometabolic risk factors and risk of developing type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer: a systematic review

Intake of fiber and fiber-rich plant foods is associated with a lower risk of renal cell carcinoma in a large US cohort

Consumption of fruits and vegetables and risk of renal cell carcinoma: a meta-analysis of observational studies

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