A propos de la permanence phénoménale faits et theories

Object temporal connotation

“…The apparition of the object in the perceptive field marks the beginning of the objectÕs presence, but not the beginning of its existence: the object appears as pre-existent. This is the form of permanence that Michotte (1950) calls permanence of anteriority to indicate the fact that the object or one of its parts seem to have had an existence anterior to their perception.…”

“…''When the speed and the size are conveniently chosen, the observer,'' writes Michotte (1950), ''doesnÕt see the bar born and grow up, as it actually does, but sees a rigid bar of fixed dimension, appear from the square, slide from beneath the square, that formerly would have covered it.'' The bar pre-exists: although unperceived, it exists before its apparition.…”

Gaetano Kanizsa: The scientist and the man

“…In a way, there remains to do in the field of events what Wertheimer already did for objects: to work out the principles of forming of events themselves, to begin with their longitudinal separation (e. g., as in articulation of melodies and in grouping of rhythms. as in the passage from changing to substitution, see Michotte, 1962) and their vertical separation (e. g., as in auditory figure-ground effects, as in hierarchical organization of coexistent movements, see Johansson, 1978).…”

Intentionality of Perception in Early Infancy

“…The category' of exis tence covers the events of coming into exis tence and going out of existence of some thing. In contrast to these events are the events of coming into sight and going out of sight in which the permanence of an object, i.e., its existence without its appearance, is perceived [Michotte, 1950;cf. Gibson, 1979], An experiment of Bower' s [1967] indicates that at the age of 2 months, the infant per ceives the annihilation and occlusion of a material object, that is, he or she can distin guish the events of going out of existence and going out of sight.…”