A Promotional Construction Approach for an Urban Three-Dimensional Compactness Model—Law-of-Gravitation-Based

Hu, Xiaodong; Yan, Han; Wang, Deng; Zhao, Zhuoqun; Zhang, Guoqin; Lin, Tao; Ye, Hong

doi:10.3390/su12176777

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…It has been proven by a previous case study that the NVCI is positively correlated with building height and building density [44]. Similarly, in our study, the correlation coefficient between the NVCI and average buildings height is 0.35, and the correlation coefficient between the NVCI and buildings density is 0.45.…”

Section: Compactness Characteristicssupporting

confidence: 86%

“…More comprehensive morphological information was taken into account in urban 3D form. Thus, 3D compactness is closer to the actual morphological characteristics of cities and can describe the real urban compact form in a more accurate and detailed manner than 2D compactness [44]. The impact mechanism of urban form through microclimate on BECCE can be reflected more comprehensively by urban 3D form than by 2D form.…”

Section: Connection Between Becce-f and Urban Compactnessmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…where CI is the average gravity of urban spatial interaction, (i.e., the compactness of urban spatial form), CI round is the compactness of the round city, N is the total number of grids of construction land, M is the total number of grids of the round city, Z i and Z j represent the urban construction land area (i = j) in any two grids i and j, d (i, j) is the geometric distance between grid i and grid j, and S i ' and S j ' are construction land areas of grids i ' and j ' in the round city. The normalized vertical compactness index (NVCI) indicates the compactness of urban 3D spatial form by the strength of the spatial gravitation between urban buildings [44,45]. A sphere is the most compact 3D spatial form in the universe because of gravity.…”

Section: D and 3d Compactnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploring the Connection between Urban 3D Form and Building Energy Performance and the Influencing Mechanism

Wang

Zhang

Lin

et al. 2021

IJGI

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Continuous growth of building energy consumption CO2 emission (BECCE) threatens urban sustainable development. Urban form is an important factor affecting BECCE. Compactness is a significant urban morphological characteristic. There is currently a lack of research on the effect of urban three-dimensional (3D) compactness on BECCE. To clarify the research value of 3D compactness, we investigated whether 3D compactness has a stronger impact on BECCE than two-dimensional (2D) compactness. A total of 288 buildings of the People’s Bank of China (PBOC) were divided into 5 zones according to building climate demarcation. As BECCE is affected mainly by four aspects (socioeconomic condition, building features, macroclimate, and urban form), the BECCE driven by urban form (BECCE-f) in each zone was calculated firstly using the partial least square regression model. Normalized compactness index (NCI) and normalized vertical compactness index (NVCI) were calculated with Python to quantify urban 2D and 3D compactness within a 1 km buffer of PBOC buildings. The mean NCI and NVCI values of each zone were adopted as 2D and 3D compactness of this zone. Gray correlation analysis of the five zones showed that the connection between the NVCI and BECCE-f is stronger than that between NCI and BECCE-f. Based on this, we believe that the emphasis of later research should be shifted to urban 3D form, not just 2D elements. 3D form can describe the real urban form in a more accurate and detailed manner. Emphasizing 3D morphological characteristics in studies of the relationship between urban form and building energy performance is more meaningful and valuable than only considering 2D characteristics. The impact mechanism of urban form on BECCE-f should also be analyzed from the perspective of 3D form. This study also provides beneficial solutions to building energy saving and low-carbon building construction.

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Section: Compactness Characteristicssupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Connection Between Becce-f and Urban Compactnessmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: D and 3d Compactnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploring the Connection between Urban 3D Form and Building Energy Performance and the Influencing Mechanism

Wang

Zhang

Lin

et al. 2021

IJGI

Self Cite

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“…It is of great importance to precisely construct a compactness form in 3D and explore how the 3D compact morphology effects UHE. Therefore, we developed the Normalized 3D Compactness Index (NVCI) based on previous breakthroughs of the Normalized 2D Compactness Index (NCI), as well as the Law of Gravitation [41]. Then, based on the 3D compactness form and the NVCI model, the driving mechanism between urban 3D compactness and UHE would be improved.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Challenge of the Urban Compact Form: Three-Dimensional Index Construction and Urban Land Surface Temperature Impacts

et al. 2021

Self Cite

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Cities are growing higher and denser, and understanding and constructing the compact city form is of great importance to optimize sustainable urbanization. The two-dimensional (2D) urban compact form has been widely studied by previous researchers, while the driving mechanism of three-dimensional (3D) compact morphology, which reflects the reality of the urban environment has seldom been developed. In this study, land surface temperature (LST) was retrieved by using the mono-window algorithm method based on Landsat 8 images of Xiamen in South China, which were acquired respectively on 14 April, 15 August, 2 October, and 21 December in 2017, and 11 March in 2018. We then aimed to explore the driving mechanism of the 3D compact form on the urban heat environment (UHE) based on our developed 3D Compactness Index (VCI) and remote sensing, as well as Geo-Detector techniques. The results show that the 3D compact form can positively effect UHE better than individual urban form construction elements, as can the combination of the 2D compact form with building height. Individually, building density had a greater effect on UHE than that of building height. At the same time, an integration of building density and height showed an enhanced inter-effect on UHE. Moreover, we explore the temporal and spatial UHE heterogeneity with regards to 3D compact form across different seasons. We also investigate the UHE impacts discrepancy caused by different 3D compactness categories. This shows that increasing the 3D compactness of an urban community from 0.016 to 0.323 would increase the heat accumulation, which was, in terms of satellite derived LST, by 1.35 °C, suggesting that higher compact forms strengthen UHE. This study highlights the challenge of the urban 3D compact form in respect of its UHE impact. The related evaluation in this study would help shed light on urban form optimization.

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“…In terms of the characteristics and internal laws of tourism economic networks, some scholars examined the process of tourism destination evolution and transformation [15]. In the aspect of research methods, some scholars applied the gravitation model [29], complexity theory analysis method, and gravity model [17] to study the regional economic connection network. In recent years, with the rapid development of tourism, a large number of researches on the tourism economic connection network using the social network analysis (SNA) have emerged [30][31][32].…”

Section: Network Analysis In Tourism Economic Cooperationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tourism Economic Network Structural Characteristics of National Parks in the Central Region of China

Wang

Gan

et al. 2021

Sustainability

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The social network analysis has been actively applied in various tourist destinations, with a few studies on the tourism economic network structure of national parks. Taking the national parks in the Central Region of China as research objects, this study applies the modified gravity model to measure the strength of tourism economic connection. The social network analysis method (SNA) is used to analyze the network structure of tourism economic connection among national parks from the perspectives of overall network density, network centrality, and cohesive subgroups. The results show that the intensity of the tourism relationships among national parks in Central China is unbalanced in spatial distribution. The structure of tourism economic network presents a multi-core model. Lushan Mountain, Shaoshan, Wudang Mountain, and other national parks play a necessary role in the transmission of regional tourism economic elements. There are cohesive subgroups of connections among national parks, which are closely related to administrative divisions and regional cultural background. The subgroups of interior scenes in the same province are more closely related, and the degree of tourism integration still needs to be improved. The study advances the understanding of tourism economic network relationships among tourist attractions in a destination.

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A Promotional Construction Approach for an Urban Three-Dimensional Compactness Model—Law-of-Gravitation-Based

Cited by 9 publications

References 24 publications

Exploring the Connection between Urban 3D Form and Building Energy Performance and the Influencing Mechanism

Exploring the Connection between Urban 3D Form and Building Energy Performance and the Influencing Mechanism

The Challenge of the Urban Compact Form: Three-Dimensional Index Construction and Urban Land Surface Temperature Impacts

Tourism Economic Network Structural Characteristics of National Parks in the Central Region of China

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