A promoter trap in transgenic citrus mediates recognition of a broad spectrum of Xanthomonas citri pv. citri<scp>TALEs</scp>, including in planta‐evolved derivatives

Shantharaj, Deepak; Minsavage, Gerald V.; Orbović﻿﻿﻿, Vladimir; Moore, Gloria A.; Holmes, Danalyn R.; Römer, Patrick; Horváth, Diána; Lahaye, Thomas; Jones, Jeffrey B.

doi:10.1111/pbi.14109

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(77 reference statements)

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“…One such example is the avrGf2 gene from the bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas citri. The gene can induce plant cell death, protecting against the development of the pathogen [239].…”

Section: Orthogonal Expression Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Synthetic Promoters

Szymczyk,

Majewska

2024

Applied Sciences

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This article examines the structure and functions of the plant synthetic promoters frequently used to precisely regulate complex regulatory routes. It details the composition of native promoters and their interacting proteins to provide a better understanding of the tasks associated with synthetic promoter development. The production of synthetic promoters is performed by relatively small libraries produced generally by basic molecular or genetic engineering methods such as cis-element shuffling or domain swapping. The article also describes the preparation of large-scale libraries supported by synthetic DNA fragments, directed evolution, and machine or deep-learning methodologies. The broader application of novel, synthetic promoters reduces the prevalence of homology-based gene silencing or improves the stability of transgenes. A particularly interesting group of synthetic promoters are bidirectional forms, which can enable the expression of up to eight genes by one regulatory element. The introduction and controlled expression of several genes after one transgenic event strongly decreases the frequency of such problems as complex segregation patterns and the random integration of multiple transgenes. These complications are commonly observed during the transgenic crop development enabled by traditional, multistep transformation using genetic constructs containing a single gene. As previously tested DNA promoter fragments demonstrate low complexity and homology, their abundance can be increased by using orthogonal expression systems composed of synthetic promoters and trans-factors that do not occur in nature or arise from different species. Their structure, functions, and applications are rendered in the article. Among them are presented orthogonal systems based on transcription activator-like effectors (dTALEs), synthetic dTALE activated promoters (STAPs) and dCas9-dependent artificial trans-factors (ATFs). Synthetic plant promoters are valuable tools for providing precise spatiotemporal regulation and introducing logic gates into the complex genetic traits that are important for basic research studies and their application in crop plant development. Precisely regulated metabolic routes are less prone to undesirable feedback regulation and energy waste, thus improving the efficiency of transgenic crops.

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“…One such example is the avrGf2 gene from the bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas citri. The gene can induce plant cell death, protecting against the development of the pathogen [239].…”

Section: Orthogonal Expression Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Synthetic Promoters

Szymczyk,

Majewska

2024

Applied Sciences

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“…DNA sequences recognized and bound by TALEs, known as effector binding elements (EBEs), could be predicted in silico and exercised to build repeatedly repeated fragments, controlling the expression of reporter genes of significant biological functions such as the avrGf2 gene from the bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas citri. The gene could induce plant cell death, protecting against the development of the pathogen [239].…”

Section: Orthogonal Expression Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Synthetic Promoters

Szymczyk,

Majewska

2024

Preprint

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The article features the structure and functions of plant synthetic promoters frequently exercised to precisely regulate complex regulatory routes. The composition of plant native promoters together with interacting proteins is presented to provide a better understanding of tasks associated with synthetic promoter development. The production of synthetic promoters is conferred on relatively small libraries produced generally by basic molecular or genetic engineering methods such as cis-element shuffling or domain swapping. Moreover, the preparation of large-scale libraries supported by synthetic DNA fragments, directed evolution, and machine or deep learning methodologies is presented. A particularly interesting group of synthetic promoters are bidirectional forms that enable the putative expression of up to 6–8 genes by one regulatory element. The introduction and controlled expression of several genes after one transgenic event strongly decreases the frequency of such problems as complex segregation patterns and random integration of multiple transgenes. These complications are commonly observed during transgenic crop development through traditional, multistep transformation by genetic constructs containing a single gene. Another path to solving problems associated with the low complexity and homology of already tested DNA fragments is through orthogonal expression systems composed of synthetic promoters and trans-factors that do not occur in nature or arise from different species. Their structure, functions, and applications are rendered in the article.

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Xanthomonas as a Model System for Studying Pathogen Emergence and Evolution

Timilsina,

Kaur,

Sharma

et al. 2024

Phytopathology®

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In this review, we highlight studies where whole genome sequencing, comparative genomics and population genomics have provided unprecedented insights into past and ongoing pathogen evolution. These include new understanding of adaptive evolution of secretion systems and their effectors. We focus on Xanthomonas pathosystems that have seen intensive study and improved our understanding of pathogen emergence and evolution, particularly in the context of host specialization: citrus canker, bacterial blight of rice, and bacterial spot of tomato and pepper. Across pathosystems, pathogens appear to follow a pattern of bursts of evolution and diversification that impact host adaptation. There remains a need for studies on the mechanisms of host range evolution and genetic exchange among closely related but differentially host-specialized species, and to start moving beyond the study of specific strain and host cultivar pairwise interactions to thinking about these pathosystems in a community context.

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A promoter trap in transgenic citrus mediates recognition of a broad spectrum of Xanthomonas citri pv. citriTALEs, including in planta‐evolved derivatives

Cited by 3 publications

References 48 publications

Plant Synthetic Promoters

Plant Synthetic Promoters

Plant Synthetic Promoters

Xanthomonas as a Model System for Studying Pathogen Emergence and Evolution

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