A promising anticancer drug: a photosensitizer based on the porphyrin skeleton

Zhang, Qizhi; He, Jun; Wang, Yu; Yan-chun, LI; Liu, Zhenhua; Zhou, Bin-Ning; Liu, Yunmei

doi:10.1039/c9md00558g

Cited by 61 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 112 publications

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“…Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a clinical modality that induces cell death using singlet O 2 ( 1 O 2 ) formed by energy transfer from photoexcited sensitizer to O 2 ( 3 O 2 ) [1–3] . However, tumor microenvironments (TMEs) are generally hypoxic (pO 2 ≤2.5 Torr), [4] which increases resistance against cancer treatments such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and PDT [5] .…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Methemoglobin‐Albumin Cluster Incorporating Protoporphyrin IX: Dual Functional Protein Drug for Photodynamic Therapy

Yamada

Komatsu

2021

ChemBioChem

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We describe the synthesis, photophysical properties, and photodynamic activity of a methemoglobin (metHb) wrapped covalently by human serum albumins (HSAs) incorporating protoporphyrin IX (PPIX): a metHb‐HSA3‐PPIX2 cluster. The metHb core catalyzes H2O2 disproportionation to generate O2 in tumor tissue. The HSA3‐PPIX2 shell acts as a photosensitizer for 1O2 formation. The metHb‐HSA3‐PPIX2 cluster acts as a dual functional protein drug for photodynamic therapy.

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Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Methemoglobin‐Albumin Cluster Incorporating Protoporphyrin IX: Dual Functional Protein Drug for Photodynamic Therapy

Yamada

Komatsu

2021

ChemBioChem

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“…Natural molecules, such as chlorophylls, heme, and cobalamin, are considered the “gold standard” that inspires chemists to precisely modulate effective photosensitizers for PDT applications [ 54 , 55 ], photocatalysts/catalysts for chemical processes [ 56 , 57 ], and molecular electronics [ 58 , 59 ]. These tetrapyrrolic macrocycle types are commonly found in nature and provide a key biochemical role in many natural processes.…”

Section: Bioinspired Photosensitizersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Learning from Nature: Bioinspired Chlorin-Based Photosensitizers Immobilized on Carbon Materials for Combined Photodynamic and Photothermal Therapy

Dias

Mfouo-Tynga

2020

Biomimetics

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Chlorophylls, which are chlorin-type photosensitizers, are known as the key building blocks of nature and are fundamental for solar energy metabolism during the photosynthesis process. In this regard, the utilization of bioinspired chlorin analogs as photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy constitutes an evolutionary topic of research. Moreover, carbon nanomaterials have been widely applied in photodynamic therapy protocols due to their optical characteristics, good biocompatibility, and tunable systematic toxicity. Herein, we review the literature related to the applications of chlorin-based photosensitizers that were functionalized onto carbon nanomaterials for photodynamic and photothermal therapies against cancer. Rather than a comprehensive review, we intended to highlight the most important and illustrative examples over the last 10 years.

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“…[ 102 , 103 ]. The meso -substituted porphyrins have gained considerable interest due to their ability to act as ligands for metal ions forming the complexes that have high applicability for therapeutic purposes [ 104 , 105 ]. Recently, Ahmed et al synthesized and evaluated the antioxidant and anticancer activities of porphyrin derivatives 102 – 106 and their metalloporphyrin counterparts 107 – 114 ( Figure 17 ) [ 106 ].…”

Section: Supramolecular Scaffolds Used For the Development Of Antimentioning

confidence: 99%

Macrocycles and Supramolecules as Antioxidants: Excellent Scaffolds for Development of Potential Therapeutic Agents

et al. 2020

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Oxidative stress due to the high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that damage biomolecules (lipids, proteins, DNA) results in acute inflammation. However, without proper intervention, acute inflammation progresses to chronic inflammation and then to several chronic diseases, including cancer, myocardial infarction, cardiovascular diseases, chronic inflammation, atherosclerosis, and more. There has been extensive research on the antioxidants of natural origin. However, there are myriad possibilities for the development of synthetic antioxidants for pharmacological applications. There is an increasing interest in the identification of novel synthetic antioxidants for the modulation of biochemical processes related to ROS. In this regard, derivatives of supramolecules, such as calix[n]arene, resorcinarene, calixtyrosol, calixpyrrole, cucurbit[n]uril, porphyrin etc. are gaining attention for their abilities to scavenge the free radicals. Supramolecular chemistry offers excellent scaffolds for the development of novel antioxidants that can be used to modulate free radical reactions and to improve the disorders related to oxidative stress. This review focuses on the interdisciplinary approach for the design and development of novel synthetic antioxidants based on supramolecular scaffolds, with potentially protective effects against oxidative stress.

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A promising anticancer drug: a photosensitizer based on the porphyrin skeleton

Abstract: This article reviews the research status of porphyrin photosensitizers; future perspectives and current challenges are discussed.

Cited by 61 publications

References 112 publications

Methemoglobin‐Albumin Cluster Incorporating Protoporphyrin IX: Dual Functional Protein Drug for Photodynamic Therapy

Methemoglobin‐Albumin Cluster Incorporating Protoporphyrin IX: Dual Functional Protein Drug for Photodynamic Therapy

Learning from Nature: Bioinspired Chlorin-Based Photosensitizers Immobilized on Carbon Materials for Combined Photodynamic and Photothermal Therapy

Macrocycles and Supramolecules as Antioxidants: Excellent Scaffolds for Development of Potential Therapeutic Agents

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