A proinflammatory marker in chronic rhinosinusitis: serum calprotectin

Çandar, Tuba; Baklacı, Deniz; Kuzucu, İhsan; Kayabaşı, Serkan

doi:10.18388/abp.2020_5204

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(25 reference statements)

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“…In this study, as the number of Cal+ cells increased, the olfactory function decreased, but the Lund‐Mackay CT and JESREC scores, reflecting CRS severity, increased. These results are similar to recent reports identifying a correlation between serum calprotectin and symptom severity in patients with CRS 12 . In addition, the tissue and blood eosinophil levels positively correlated with Cal+ cells.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…These results are similar to recent reports identifying a correlation between serum calprotectin and symptom severity in patients with CRS. 12 In addition, the tissue and blood eosinophil levels positively correlated with Cal+ cells. These results suggest that since calprotectin is expressed not only in neutrophils but also in eosinophils, the fact that the expression of calprotectin in tissues is correlated with the clinical findings of patients with CRS may include the previous results that increased tissue eosinophils reflect the CRS severity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…As with tissue eosinophils in CRS, a recent study has suggested that serum calprotectin could be a disease severity biomarker for CRS 12 . Tissue expression of calprotectin was higher in patients with CRSwNP than in healthy controls and patients with CRSsNP, and was associated with host defense mechanisms against infection by forming NETs with neutrophil‐secreted calprotectin 13,14 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Calprotectin in chronic rhinosinusitis eosinophil extracellular traps

Ahn

Shin

et al. 2023

Int Forum Allergy Rhinol

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BackgroundCalprotectin is an antimicrobial peptide primarily secreted by neutrophils. Furthermore, calprotectin secretion increases in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with polyps (CRSwNP) and positively correlates with neutrophil markers. However, CRSwNP is known to be associated with type 2 inflammation related to tissue eosinophilia. Therefore, the authors investigated calprotectin expression in eosinophils and eosinophil extracellular traps (EETs) and explored the associations between tissue calprotectin and the clinical findings of patients with CRS.MethodsA total of 63 patients participated, and patients diagnosed with CRS were classified based on the Japanese Epidemiological Survey of Refractory Eosinophilic Chronic Rhinosinusitis (JESREC) score. The authors performed hematoxylin and eosin staining, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence with calprotectin, myeloperoxidase (MPO), major basic protein (MBP), and citrullinated histone H3 with the participant's tissues. Finally, correlations between calprotectin and the clinical data were examined.ResultsCalprotectin‐positive cells are co‐localized not only in MPO‐positive cells but also in MBP‐positive cells in human tissues. Calprotectin was also involved in EETs and neutrophil extracellular traps. The number of calprotectin‐positive cells in the tissue was positively correlated with the number of tissue and blood eosinophils. In addition, calprotectin in the tissue is associated with the olfactory function, Lund–Mackay computed tomography score, and JESREC score.ConclusionsCalprotectin, known to be secreted by neutrophils, in CRS was also expressed in eosinophils. In addition, calprotectin, which functions as an antimicrobial peptide, may play an important role in the innate immune response based on its EET involvement. Therefore, calprotectin expression could reflect as a disease severity biomarker for CRS.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Calprotectin in chronic rhinosinusitis eosinophil extracellular traps

Ahn

Shin

et al. 2023

Int Forum Allergy Rhinol

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“…Candar et al studied 26 patients with CRSwNP and found that serum calprotectin was elevated in those with aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) compared to those without AERD. 24 Study quality was limited by a small sample size of six AERD patients.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic Review of Protein Biomarkers in Adult Patients With Chronic Rhinosinusitis

Gokani

Espehana

Pratas

et al. 2023

Am J Rhinol�Allergy

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Background Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a heterogeneous condition characterized by differing inflammatory endotypes. The identification of suitable biomarkers could enable personalized approaches to treatment selection. Objective This study aimed to identify and summarize clinical studies of biomarkers in adults with CRS in order to inform future research into CRS endotypes. Methods We conducted systematic searches of MEDLINE and Web of Science from inception to January 30, 2022 and included all clinical studies of adult CRS patients and healthy controls measuring biomarkers using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays or Luminex immunoassays. Outcomes included the name and tissue type of identified biomarkers and expression patterns within CRS phenotypes. Study quality was assessed using the National Institutes of Health quality assessment tool for observational cohort and cross-sectional studies. A narrative synthesis was performed. Results We identified 78 relevant studies involving up to 9394 patients, predominantly with CRS with nasal polyposis. Studies identified 80 biomarkers from nasal tissue, 25 from nasal secretions, 14 from nasal lavage fluid, 24 from serum, and one from urine. The majority of biomarkers found to distinguish CRS phenotypes were identified in nasal tissue, especially in nasal polyps. Serum biomarkers were more commonly found to differentiate CRS from controls. The most frequently measured biomarker was IL-5, followed by IL-13 and IL-4. Serum IgE, IL-17, pentraxin-3 and nasal phospho-janus kinase 2, IL-5, IL-6, IL-17A, granulocyte-colony stimulating factor, and interferon gamma were identified as correlated with disease severity. Conclusion We have identified numerous potential biomarkers to differentiate a range of CRS phenotypes. Future studies should focus on the prognostic role of nasal tissue biomarkers or expand on the more limited studies of nasal secretions and nasal lavage fluid. We registered this study in PROSPERO (CRD42022302787).

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“…In recent years, due to its ability to re ect in ammation and tissue damage, circulating CLP (cCLP) has garnered signi cant attention and has also emerged as a potential biomarker in several clinical conditions[8, [14][15][16][17]. Studies have suggested its utility as a biomarker of disease activity in autoimmune rheumatic diseases, cystic brosis, chronic asthma, and different phenotypes of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) [18][19][20][21]. To note, CRSwNP frequently presents with olfactory dysfunctions, which appear to be closely correlated with the local in ammatory environment and clinical-cytological grading [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circulating Calprotectin as a Potential Biomarker of Persistent Olfactory Dysfunctions in Post-COVID-19 Patients

Francavilla,

Velletrani,

Fiorelli

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Objective and Design: This longitudinal prospective study aims to investigate the potential of circulating calprotectin (cCLP) as a biomarker in persistent olfactory dysfunctions following COVID-19 infection. Materials and Methods Thirty-six patients with persistent hyposmia or anosmia post COVID-19 were enrolled (HT0) and re-evaluated after three months of olfactory training (HT1). Two control groups included 18 subjects without olfactory defects post COVID-19 (CG1) and 18 healthy individuals (CG2). Nasal and blood samples were collected to assess circulating calprotectin levels. Results Higher calprotectin levels were observed in serum and nasal supernatant of hyposmic patients (HT0) compared to control groups (CG1 and CG2). Post-olfactory training (HT1), olfactory function improved significantly, paralleled by decreased calprotectin levels in serum and nasal samples. Conclusions Circulating calprotectin holds potential as a biomarker in persistent olfactory dysfunctions after COVID-19. The decrease in calprotectin levels post-olfactory training implies a role in monitoring and evaluating treatment responses. These findings contribute to the growing literature on potential biomarkers in post-COVID-19 olfactory dysfunctions and underscore the importance of investigating novel biomarkers for personalized patient management. Nevertheless, further studies are needed to validate the application of calprotectin assay in nasal diseases and its correlation with nasal cytology.

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A proinflammatory marker in chronic rhinosinusitis: serum calprotectin

Cited by 7 publications

References 23 publications

Calprotectin in chronic rhinosinusitis eosinophil extracellular traps

Calprotectin in chronic rhinosinusitis eosinophil extracellular traps

Systematic Review of Protein Biomarkers in Adult Patients With Chronic Rhinosinusitis

Circulating Calprotectin as a Potential Biomarker of Persistent Olfactory Dysfunctions in Post-COVID-19 Patients

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