A Product/Service System Design Schema: Application to Big Data Analytics

Abstract

The challenge of environmental sustainability has required product/service systems (PSSs) to play a substantial role. New technologies such as big data analytics (BDA), which have high potential to improve or enable PSSs, are increasingly implemented in industry. However, research achieved in the past and research opportunities in the intersection of PSS design and BDA are unclear in the literature. Therefore, this article took an inter-disciplinary approach and aimed to pave the way forward for research and development in PSS design and show opportunities to improve PSS design and delivery using BDA. The research methods adopted were literature synthesis and systematic literature review. The synthesis of PSS design literature resulted in a schema consisting of 10 design steps for PSS conceptual design. The systematic review of BDA literature found 11 research works, including industrial applications, which were then mapped on to the PSS design schema. This revealed the achievement of applied research using BDA for some of the PSS design steps as well as opportunities of research for the others. The two inter-related areas of research, PSS design and BDA, were connected with each other more clearly, so that further research could be anchored and motivated with more specificity.

Design Thinking for Urban Water Sustainability in Huelva’s Households: Needfinding and Synthesis through Statistic Clustering

“…It should be especially noted that "The efficacy of a potential PSS in terms of, i.e., its environmental performance and customer value, is generally determined in the conceptual design phase" [39]. Therefore, at this stage of needfinding and synthesis, this aspect must be expressly taken care of [12].…”

“…Thus, there is a need to use more targeted strategies, more differentiated, personalized, and better built according to each household profile. Strategies that can be facilitated, scaling the research pilot to all homes in the city, using ICT and mathematical techniques as Artificial Intelligence (AI), Big Data Analytics (BDA) [25], and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN).…”

Analyzing cognitive processes of a product/service-system design session using protocol analysis

“…The brief review in the section "Characteristics of PSS design and previous research" is organized according to the three major PSS characteristics explained in the section "Characteristics of PSSs" and in line with the five facets of PSS design (Sakao and Neramballi, 2020), which were synthesized from multiple previous review articles. Facet 1, Development and integration of system elements, and Facet 2, Examination of the balance of the integration, are implied by the systems thinking in PSS design; see the implications from the open process systems property in Table 1.…”

Design Is How We Change the World! Can We Do It in Socially, Environmentally and Economically Acceptable Ways? Synthesizing Design Tools for This Utopian Concept

“…One may wonder that, even if we have such a design framework, named as the Social-Environmental-Economical-Engineering-based-design Framework (SEEEF), see Figure 1, given the national divisions and political philosophies, will it be practical? Available methods include: circular design [2] product design using large amount of data now available [3], and (environmental) life cycle design [4], bioinspired sustainable product design [5] and sustainable design could that could induce change in consumer behavoiur [6]; in addition, trade and bi-lateral and international agreements control most products; our aim in this paper is to use all these existing ideas to develop a framework that is implementable at various levels considering both local and global constraints. Recently, Amsterdam city has agreed to a progressive design procedure called the Donut economics [7-8] that considers the same issues we will tackle.…”