A process model for understanding adaptation to sexual abuse: The role of shame in defining stigmatization

Feiring, Candice; Taska, Lynn S.; Lewis, Michael

doi:10.1016/0145-2134(96)00064-6

Cited by 146 publications

(117 citation statements)

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“…Among childhood traumas, child maltreatment may be particularly likely to increase a child's vulnerability to experiencing shame because of the stigma associated with abuse (Feiring, Taska, & Lewis, 1996). Although all traumas may increase children's risk of behavioral disturbance, parents and society as a whole may be more prepared and open in their efforts to address the needs of children who have suffered certain types of traumas, including natural disasters, illnesses, accidents, and/or the loss of loved ones.…”

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confidence: 99%

Understanding and Treating Feelings of Shame in Children Who Have Experienced Maltreatment

Deblinger¹,

Runyon²

2005

Child Maltreat

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Understanding and Treating Feelings of Shame in Children Who Have Experienced Maltreatment

Deblinger¹,

Runyon²

2005

Child Maltreat

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“…It is a state in which the whole self feels defective, often as a result of a perceived failure to meet self-imposed standards. Clinical observation shows that CSA victims express the desire to avoid exposure and hide themselves when talking about the abuse (Feiring, Taska, & Lewis, 1996). Feelings of shame may be heightened by the discovery process, during which the child may feel exposed to public scrutiny.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Shame and attribution may have differential effects on the strength of the relation between abuse severity and adjustment. To the extent that CSA and its discovery are viewed as the exposure of a social transgression, theories of shame suggest that the child's level of shame will help explain the relation between abuse and adjustment (Feiring et al, 1996;Lewis, 1992). Thus, shame may moderate the relation between abuse severity and adjustment such that at higher levels of shame, the association between abuse severity and adjustment is stronger.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Alternatively, shame and attributional style may mediate or act as pathways through which abuse severity is related to adjustment (Feiring et al, 1996;Lewis, 1992). In a cross-sectional study of women who reported CSA, the relation between abuse severity and psychological distress was mediated by shame and attributions of self-blame (Coffey, Leitenberg, Henning, Turner, & Bennet, 1996).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Adjustment following sexual abuse discovery: The role of shame and attributional style.

Feiring¹,

Taska²,

Lewis³

2002

Developmental Psychology

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This study examined adjustment following sexual abuse as a function of shame and attributional style. One hundred forty-seven participants (83 children and 64 adolescents) were seen at the time of abuse discovery and again 1 year later. Once adjustment at abuse discovery was accounted for, shame and attribution style explained additional variation in subsequent adjustment, whereas abuse severity did not. A pessimistic attribution style at abuse discovery moderated the relation between severity of abuse and subsequent depressive symptoms and self-esteem. The relations between abuse severity and these outcomes were significant only at high levels of pessimistic attribution style. Of note, patterns of change in shame and attribution predicted which children remained at risk or improved in adjustment. In addition, age and gender differences were found in adjustment over time.The past decade has seen a considerable increase in the number of studies focusing on sexual abuse and its relation to child outcomes. Child sexual abuse (CSA), in both clinical and nonclinical samples, has been consistently associated with a number of adjustment problems, including depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and poor self

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“…Shame was proposed to be a main factor leading to poor adjustment (Feiring, Taska, & Lewis, 1996) and it seems to be a persistent emotion related to the abuse over many years and may also contribute to the maintenance of PTSD symptoms (Feiring & Taska, 2005). However, the emotional experience of shame and its relation to negative adjustment in adulthood is related not only to sexual abuse, but also to physical (Milligan & Andrews, 2005) and emotional abuse (Stuewig & McCloskey, 2005), and neglect (Bennett, Sullivan, & Lewis, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A network analysis of anger, shame, proposed ICD-11 post-traumatic stress disorder, and different types of childhood trauma in foster care settings in a sample of adult survivors

Glück

Knefel

2017

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

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Background: Anger and shame are aspects that are specifically associated with psychopathology and maladaptation after childhood abuse and neglect. They are known to influence symptom maintenance and exacerbation; however, their interaction is not fully understood. Objective: To explore with network analysis the association and interaction of prolonged, complex interpersonal childhood abuse and neglect in institutional foster care settings [institutional abuse (IA)] with anger, shame, and the proposed 11th revision of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-11) post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in adult survivors. Method: Adult survivors of IA (N = 220, mean age = 57.95 years) participated in the study and were interviewed using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, the International Trauma Questionnaire, the State–Trait Anger Expression Inventory, the Displaced Aggression Questionnaire, and shame-related items. To identify the most central aspects, we used a staged network analysis and centrality analysis approach: (1) on the scale level; (2) on the item/symptom level; and (3) with modularity analysis to find communities within the item-level network. Results: Trait anger, anger rumination, emotional abuse, and PTSD re-experiencing symptoms played the most important roles on a scale level and were then further analyzed on the item/symptom level. The most central symptom on the item level was anger rumination related to meaningful past events. The modularity analysis supported discriminant validity of the included scales. Conclusions: Anger is an important factor in the psychopathological processes following childhood abuse. Anger rumination is closely related to PTSD symptoms; however, anger is not a part of the proposed ICD-11 PTSD in the present study.

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A process model for understanding adaptation to sexual abuse: The role of shame in defining stigmatization

Cited by 146 publications

References 60 publications

Understanding and Treating Feelings of Shame in Children Who Have Experienced Maltreatment

Understanding and Treating Feelings of Shame in Children Who Have Experienced Maltreatment

Adjustment following sexual abuse discovery: The role of shame and attributional style.

A network analysis of anger, shame, proposed ICD-11 post-traumatic stress disorder, and different types of childhood trauma in foster care settings in a sample of adult survivors

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