A procedural approach to authoring solid models

Cutler, Barbara; Dorsey, Julie; McMillan, Leonard; Müller, Matthias; Jagnow, Robert

doi:10.1145/566570.566581

Cited by 63 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The procedural geometric and material modeling aspects of our pipeline are conceptually similar to previous work on procedural solid modeling by Cutler et al [2002]. In their work the authors describe a scripting language that allows volume decomposition of solids into layers and procedural assignment of materials within each layer using embedded code written in C. Similarly to OpenFab, they provide signed distance function queries that can be used when evaluating the procedural material function.…”

Section: Procedural Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If two or more objects end up populating the same voxel either by design or as a result of a displacement, OpenFab gives priority to the object with a higher priority value. This effectively allows constructive solid geometry (CSG) operations such as union and difference, but not intersection and is similar to the precedence operator described by Cutler et al [2002].…”

Section: Input Specificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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OpenFab

et al. 2013

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Figure 1: Three rhinos, defined and printed using OpenFab. For each print, the same geometry was paired with a different fablet-a shaderlike program which procedurally defines surface detail and material composition throughout the object volume. This produces three unique prints by using displacements, texture mapping, and continuous volumetric material variation as a function of distance from the surface. Abstract3D printing hardware is rapidly scaling up to output continuous mixtures of multiple materials at increasing resolution over ever larger print volumes. This poses an enormous computational challenge: large high-resolution prints comprise trillions of voxels and petabytes of data and simply modeling and describing the input with spatially varying material mixtures at this scale is challenging. Existing 3D printing software is insufficient; in particular, most software is designed to support only a few million primitives, with discrete material choices per object. We present OpenFab, a programmable pipeline for synthesis of multi-material 3D printed objects that is inspired by RenderMan and modern GPU pipelines. The pipeline supports procedural evaluation of geometric detail and material composition, using shader-like fablets, allowing models to be specified easily and efficiently. We describe a streaming architecture for OpenFab; only a small fraction of the final volume is stored in memory and output is fed to the printer with little startup delay. We demonstrate it on a variety of multi-material objects.

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Section: Procedural Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Input Specificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

OpenFab

et al. 2013

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“…In computer graphics, procedural descriptions for material assignment have also been studied. Cutler et al [2002] describe a scripting language for specifying layered solid models and describing material composition. Vidimče et al [2013] provide a fabrication language and a programmable pipeline for specifying material composition directly and precisely throughout a volume.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spec2Fab

Chen¹,

Levin²,

Didyk³

et al. 2013

ACM Trans. Graph.

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Figure 1: 3D-printed objects with various effects designed using our reducer-tuner model. Our generalized approach to fabrication enables an easy and intuitive design of objects with different material properties. On the left: a miniature of Earth with a prescribed deformation behavior. On the right: an optimized surface producing a caustic image under proper illumination as well as casting a shadow of a previously designed shape. Insets visualize an input to our system. AbstractMulti-material 3D printing allows objects to be composed of complex, heterogeneous arrangements of materials. It is often more natural to define a functional goal than to define the material composition of an object. Translating these functional requirements to fabricable 3D prints is still an open research problem. Recently, several specific instances of this problem have been explored (e.g., appearance or elastic deformation), but they exist as isolated, monolithic algorithms. In this paper, we propose an abstraction mechanism that simplifies the design, development, implementation, and reuse of these algorithms. Our solution relies on two new data structures: a reducer tree that efficiently parameterizes the space of material assignments and a tuner network that describes the optimization process used to compute material arrangement. We provide an application programming interface for specifying the desired object and for defining parameters for the reducer tree and tuner network. We illustrate the utility of our framework by implementing several fabrication algorithms as well as demonstrating the manufactured results.

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“…Recently, a scripting language [7], octree [8], subdivision volume [9], and level set [10] have been used as volumetric modeling methodologies. Sketch-based modeling using standard mouse operations became popular in the past decade.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topology-Consistent Design for 3D Freeform Meshes with Harmonic Interpolation

Sheng

2007

Entertainment Computing – ICEC 2007

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Abstract. One of the most exciting aspects of shape modeling is the development of new algorithms and methods to create unusual, interesting and aesthetically pleasing shapes. In this paper, we present an interactive modeling system for generating freeform surfaces using a 2D user interface. In this paper, we firstly interpret the given 2D curve to be the projection of the 3D curve that has the minimum curvature. Then we propose a topology-consistent strategy to trace the simple faces on the interconnecting 3D curves. By using the face tracing algorithm, our system can identify the 3D surfaces automatically. After obtaining the boundary curves for the faces, we apply Delaunay triangulation on these faces. Finally, the shape of the triangule surface mesh that follows the 3D boundary curves is computed by using harmonic interpolation. Solving Laplace's equations, we are able to construct simple and conceptual 3D models interactively. Although the incorporation of topological manipulation will introduce many new(and interesting) design problems that cannot be addressed in this paper, we show that automatically generated models are both beneficial and feasible.

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A procedural approach to authoring solid models

Cited by 63 publications

References 39 publications

OpenFab

OpenFab

Spec2Fab

Topology-Consistent Design for 3D Freeform Meshes with Harmonic Interpolation

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