A Probiotic Preparation Alleviates Atopic Dermatitis-Like Skin Lesions in Murine Models

Abstract

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with a complex etiology that encompasses immunologic responses. AD is frequently associated with elevated immunoglobulin (Ig) E levels, and common environmental factors contribute to its pathogenesis. Several recent studies have documented the role of specific lactic acid bacteria in the treatment and prevention of AD in humans and mice. In this study, the efficacy of Duolac ATP, a probiotic preparation, was determined in a mouse model with AD-like skin lesions. Alterations in the cytokine levels and histological staining suggested the alleviation of AD. The in vivo test showed that T helper (Th)2 cytokines, IgE, interleukin (IL)-4, and IL-5, were significantly downregulated, whereas Th1 cytokines, IL-12p40 and interferon (IFN)-γ, were upregulated in all groups of mice treated with Duolac ATP compared to that observed in the group of mice treated with 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (DNCB) alone. Moreover, the scratch score decreased in all mice treated with Duolac ATP. Staining of the dorsal area of the mice in each group with hematoxylin and eosin and toluidine blue further confirmed the alleviation of AD in mice orally treated with Duolac ATP. These results suggest that Duolac ATP inhibits the development of AD-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice by suppressing the Th2 cell response and increasing the Th1 cell response. Thus, Duolac ATP is beneficial and effective for the treatment of AD-like skin lesions.

A Probiotic Mixture Regulates T Cell Balance and Reduces Atopic Dermatitis Symptoms in Mice

“…Recent studies have shown that certain probiotics can play a role in the treatment and prevention of AD ( Kim et al, 2012 , 2015 ). Duolac ATP possesses anti-inflammatory properties in a DNCB-induced AD mouse model ( Kim et al, 2016 ). However, the exact mechanism by which Duolac ATP regulates the immune system has not been well defined.…”

“…Duolac ATP is a probiotic preparation containing four probiotics strains: L. casei , L. plantarum , Lactobacillus rhamnosus , and B. lactis . Duolac ATP has been previously evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity in a trinitrobenzene sulfonic (TNBS)-induced colitis model ( Cha et al, 2014 ) and a 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (DNCB)-induced AD model ( Kim et al, 2016 ). However, these studies focused on the therapeutic effects of Duolac ATP through fragmentary indicators.…”

Mori Folium water extract alleviates articular cartilage damages and inflammatory responses in monosodium iodoacetate-induced osteoarthritis rats

“…SRTA00; R&D Systems, Inc.), and interferon-γ (IFNγ; cat no. SRIF00; R&D Systems, Inc.) were determined using ELISA kits (R&D Systems, Inc., Minneapolis, MN, USA), according to the manufacturer's recommendations ( 25 ). The level of prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ) was also determined using an ELISA kit purchased from R&D Systems, according to the manufacturer's instructions ( 26 ).…”

Schisandrae Fructus ethanol extract ameliorates inflammatory responses and articular cartilage damage in monosodium iodoacetate-induced osteoarthritis in rats

“…Optical density was measured at 540 nm using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) reader (Dynatech Laboratories, Chantilly, VA, USA) (Kwon et al, 2016[ 32 ]). Serum levels of prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ) were determined according to the manufacturer's instructions (ELISA kit, R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA) (Kim et al, 2016[ 29 ]). The pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α, and cartilage degeneration mediators such as cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) and C-telopeptide of type II collagen (CTX-II) were also determined using ELISA kits (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA) according to the manufacturer's recommendations.…”