A pro-inflammatory genetic profile increases the risk of chronic atrophic gastritis and gastric carcinoma

The interleukin-8-251*T/*A polymorphism is not associated with risk for gastric carcinoma development in a Portuguese population

“…Cardia GC corresponded to 13.9% of the cases and noncardia GC to 86.1% of the cases. As reported previously (Estevens et al, 1993;Machado et al, 2003), 98% of the controls and individuals with chronic gastritis were positive for H. pylori in this cohort. Among GC cases the positivity rate reached 61%.…”

“…Patients with GC (median age 58 years; range, 24-90 years; male : female ratio, 1.5 : 1) were diagnosed at Hospital S. João, Porto, Portugal. A detailed description of the histopathological procedures was described previously (Machado et al, 2003). Briefly, GCs were classified as intestinal (46.0%), diffuse (29.0%) and atypical (25.0%).…”

“…The best studied examples are the interleukin (IL) 1B-511, IL1RN VNTR and the tumour necrosis factor alpha-308 polymorphisms (El Omar et al, 2000Machado et al, 2001Machado et al, , 2003Figueiredo et al, 2002). These findings led to the hypothesis that H. pylori infection in individuals with the aforementioned alleles may result in increased production of gastric proinflammatory cytokines, leading to severe and sustained inflammation, gastric atrophy and hypochlorhydria, and ultimately to the development of GC (El-Omar et al, 2000;Machado et al, 2001;El-Omar, 2001).…”

Analysis of whole genomic expression profiles ofHelicobacter pylorirelated chronic atrophic gastritis with IL‐1B‐31CC/‐511TT genotypes

“…The initial observation by El-Omar et al that the C-allele at position -31 and the T-allele at position -511 were in almost complete linkage disequilibrium and were associated with an increased risk of gastric cancer and its precursors 7 in response to H. pylori infection has been confirmed by several subsequent studies conducted in different populations. 8,11,17,18 Microarray analysis is particularly well suited for discovering complex changes in gene expression profiles under different conditions. In gastric cancer, several extensive global gene expression studies have already been reported.…”

The interferon gamma receptor 1 (IFNGR1) -56C/T gene polymorphism is associated with increased risk of early gastric carcinoma

“…The best-studied examples include polymorphisms in the interleukin 1β (IL1β −31C and IL1β −511T alleles) and interleukin 1 receptor antagonist genes (IL1 RN*2 allele), and in the tumour necrosis factor α gene (TNFα −308A allele) 6 – 10…”