A previously unidentified Chorioptes species infesting outer ear canals of moose (Alces alces): characterization of the mite and the pathology of infestation

Hestvik, G.; Zahler-Rinder, Monika; Gavier‐Widén, Dolores; Lindberg, R.; Mattsson, Roland; Morrison, David A.; Bornstein, S.

doi:10.1186/1751-0147-49-21

Cited by 18 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Histopathological analysis constitutes an important tool for diagnosing chorioptic mange, based on previous studies. The histopathological findings of this study were similar to those previously reported in case of Chorioptes infestations (HESTVIK et al, 2007). Consequently, since secondary bacterial infections were found in the integumentary system of cattle, in wounds induced by C. bovis, we concluded that this mite facilitated this type of secondary infection.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Re-emergence of Chorioptes bovis (Acari: Psoroptidae) in cattle in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Vieira

Bordin²,

Agnol

et al. 2014

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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Here we describe an outbreak of chorioptic mange in cattle, 56 years after its first identification in Brazil. Between the months of June and July 2011, dermatitis characterized by alopecia and crusted and thickened skin at the insertion of the tail and in the ischiorectal fossa was recognized in 40 (35.7%) out of 112 Holstein cows on a farm in the northeastern mesoregion of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. After diagnosing mange caused by Chorioptes bovis, the cows were weighed and treated with 0.5% ivermectin, as a pour-on single dose, and were separated into two groups: cows in early lactation and those in late lactation. The survival rate of C. bovis and the healing rate in the two groups of infested cows were monitored every seven days through skin scrapings. After 28 days of evaluation, the cure rate through treatment was greater among cows in early lactation (p < 0.0001). The survival rate of C. bovis was higher in cows in late lactation.Keywords: Chemical control, ivermectin, mange, dairy cows. ResumoO objetivo deste estudo foi descrever um surto de sarna corióptica em bovinos, 56 anos após a sua primeira identificação no Brasil. Entre os meses de junho a julho de 2011, a dermatite caracterizada por alopecia, com crosta e espessamento da pele na inserção da cauda e na fossa isquiorretal, foi observada em 40 (35,7%) de 112 vacas holandesas de uma propriedade rural pertencente à Mesorregião do Nordeste do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Após o diagnóstico da sarna causada por Chorioptes bovis, as vacas foram pesadas, tratadas com 0,5% de ivermectina pour on em dose única e separadas em dois grupos: vacas no início da lactação e no final da lactação. A taxa de sobrevivência de C. bovis e a taxa de cura dos dois grupos de vacas infestadas foram monitoradas a cada sete dias por meio de raspas de pele. Após 28 dias do estudo, a taxa de cura com o tratamento foi maior em vacas no início da lactação (p <0,0001). A taxa de sobrevivência de C. bovis foi maior em vacas no final da lactação.Palavras-chave: Controle químico, ivermectina, sarna, vacas leiteiras.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Re-emergence of Chorioptes bovis (Acari: Psoroptidae) in cattle in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Vieira

Bordin²,

Agnol

et al. 2014

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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“…The protonymph and deutonymph stages of male and female mites were not differentiated in the Table 1. Comparative lengths of setae on adult male mites collected from the Holstein cattle in this study with those of male mites reported by Sweatman [3] and Hestvik et al [5] are provided in Table 2. All developmental stages of mites, from the egg to adult stages, were observed from samples collected from affected cattle (Fig.…”

Section: Case Recordmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Although 3 additional Chorioptes spp., C. crewei Lavoipierre, 1958, C. mydaus Fain, 1975, and C. panda Fain and Leclerc, 1875, were described after Sweatman's revision in 1957, their validity is considered questionable, because features used for discriminating these taxons were not convincing and no transfer or cross-breeding studies were done [4]. Recently Hestvik et al [5] reported a previously unidentified Chorioptes species infesting the outer ear canals of the moose (Alces alces) which differ morphologically and genetically from other Chorioptes species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The validity of 3 other species, C. crewei Lavoipierre, 1958, C. mydaus Fain, 1975, and C. panda Fain and Leclerc, 1975, is still regarded as questionable because discrimination of mites, which were described as isolated cases only, were based on morphological features while transfer or crossbreeding studies were not done [4]. A new pathogenic Chorioptes species that was morphologically and genetically distinct from previously reported species was recently reported to cause inflammation in the outer ear canals of moose (Alces alces) originated from Sweden [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The First Outbreak of Chorioptes texanus (Acari: Psoroptidae) Infestation in a Cattle Farm in Korea

et al. 2008

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Mites in the genusChorioptes cause a mild form of skin disease in both domestic and wild ruminants. In July 2006, dermatitis characterized by alopecia, marked lichenification, accumulation of crust, and fissuring was recognized in 14 out of 200 Holstein dairy cattle raised in the cattle farm of the National Institute of Animal Science in Cheonan, Republic of Korea. Skin lesions were distributed mainly over the tail base, and sacral and perineal regions. Microscopic examinations of skin scraping samples from severely affected areas revealed numerous mites of all developmental stages. Morphologically, pedicels of the mites were short and unjointed. The tarsal suckers occurred on the pedicels of all the legs in the male worm and on the first, second, and fourth pair of legs in the adult female worm. A single long seta at the tarsus of legs III and the length of legs II being about twice as long as legs IV in adult male mites were observed. Arising anterior to the inner-most spatulate seta was a short seta with an average of 26.4 ± ± 5.8 μ m in length. Also, the length of setae #4 on the opisthosomal lobes was relatively short. Based on these observations, the mites were identified as Choriptes texanus. Although the chorioptic mange may not influence the mortality rate in the affected farm, reports indicate that a decline in milk production can be observed. This is the first report of chorioptic infestation in a cattle farm from Korea.

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“…Chorioptes spp. may cause skin lesions in the outer ear canal of moose (Hestvik et al, 2007) and have also been associated with single cases of generalized alopecia in moose in Norway and Sweden. Histologically, the ear skin lesions caused by this mite seem quite similar to those seen in our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hair-Loss Epizootic in Moose (Alces Alces) Associated With Massive Deer Ked (Lipoptena Cervi) Infestation

Madslien

Ytrehus

Vikøren

et al. 2011

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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ABSTRACT:Deer keds (Lipoptena cervi) are blood-sucking flies in the family Hippoboscidae; moose (Alces alces) are their main host in Scandinavia. There are no detailed reports of the negative impacts of deer keds on moose. In 2006 and 2007, hunters in southeastern Norway and midwestern Sweden found several moose cadavers with severe alopecia; numerous moose had extensive hair loss. Between February 2006 and June 2007, materials from 23 moose were submitted for laboratory examination and large numbers of deer keds were found in the coat of most animals. The body condition of the moose varied but was poor in animals with severe alopecia. The findings of enormous numbers of deer keds in the coat of the majority of the affected animals and a consistent histologic image (acute to chronic, multifocal to coalescing, eosinophilic to lymphocytic dermatitis), concurrent with the absence of any other lesions, trace element deficiencies, or dermal infections which are known to cause alopecia, suggest that the hair-loss epizootic was linked to massive infestations with deer keds. The emergence of this hair-loss syndrome implies that the dynamics between parasite and host have been disrupted by a currently unknown environmental or ecological factor. A high moose density, combined with extraordinarily mild weather June 2006-June 2007 and a particularly long period with the absence of night-frost in autumn of 2006, may have been ideal for deer ked development, survival, and optimal host acquisition.

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A previously unidentified Chorioptes species infesting outer ear canals of moose (Alces alces): characterization of the mite and the pathology of infestation

Cited by 18 publications

References 25 publications

Re-emergence of Chorioptes bovis (Acari: Psoroptidae) in cattle in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Re-emergence of Chorioptes bovis (Acari: Psoroptidae) in cattle in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

The First Outbreak of Chorioptes texanus (Acari: Psoroptidae) Infestation in a Cattle Farm in Korea

Hair-Loss Epizootic in Moose (Alces Alces) Associated With Massive Deer Ked (Lipoptena Cervi) Infestation

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