A prevention program for multiple health-compromising behaviors in adolescence: Baseline results from a cluster randomized controlled trial

Allara, Elias; Angelini, Paola; Gorini, Giuseppe; Bosi, Sandra; Carreras, Giulia; Gozzi, Cristina; Martini, Andréa; Tamelli, Marco; Storani, Simone; Faggiano, Fabrizio

doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.12.002

Cited by 8 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…We included an inflation factor (IF) of 1.9 to account for the cluster design. The IF was calculated assuming an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.039 for past 30-d smoking, consistent with previous studies (Allara et al, 2015; Faggiano et al, 2010). We estimated the anticipated sample size using the following formula:…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 84%

A School-Based Program to Promote Well-Being in Preadolescents: Results From a Cluster Quasi-Experimental Controlled Study

Allara

Beccaria²,

Molinar

et al. 2018

J Primary Prevent

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Diario della Salute [My Health Diary] is a school-based program designed to enhance the subjective well-being and health of 12- to 13-year-old students. We hypothesized that providing students with the social and emotional skills to fulfill their potential and deal with common developmental tasks of adolescence (e.g., onset of puberty, identity development, increased responsibilities and academic demands) would result in improved well-being and health. The program comprises five standardized interactive lessons concerning common psychosocial and health issues in adolescence, and two narrative booklets addressed to both students and their parents. We evaluated the effectiveness of the program in terms of the students’ subjective well-being, aggressive behavior, and health behavior. Using a quasi-experimental study design, schools in the intervention group implemented the full program and those in the comparison group received their regular curriculum. We administered measures of the study’s objectives both before and after program implementation. Statistical analyses accounted for within-school clustering, potential socioeconomic and demographic confounding, and pre-implementation levels of these measures. We sampled 62 schools and allocated 2630 students to either an intervention or comparison group. Sociodemographic characteristics and baseline outcomes were balanced across study groups. Unexpectedly, respondents in the intervention group had 0.38 greater mean adjusted score of the WHO/Europe Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children Symptom Checklist instrument than respondents in the comparison group, indicating a reduction in subjective well-being. We did not observe any program effects on aggressive and health behaviors. The apparent reduction in subjective well-being reflected by an increased perception of psychosomatic complaints is suggestive of either increased emotional competence or, potentially, iatrogenic program effects. While greater emotional competence is positively associated with well-being over the course of life, the program in its present form should not be disseminated due to the possibility of adverse unintended effects.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 84%

A School-Based Program to Promote Well-Being in Preadolescents: Results From a Cluster Quasi-Experimental Controlled Study

Allara

Beccaria²,

Molinar

et al. 2018

J Primary Prevent

Self Cite

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“…A differentiation of various types of health-related behavior did not yield any added value in statistical terms, but as other published studies showed, such differentiation might provide an equally good framework for more detailed analyses and interpretations. Cluster analysis-based studies could be listed as examples11,17,32–35 that demonstrate the advisability of differentiating between health-related behaviors due to both theory and practice. Lifestyle tends to be a frequently mentioned latent variable underlying health behaviors 1–4,9,11–13,15,23,24,30,32,33,36,38–40.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cluster analysis-based studies could be listed as examples11,17,32–35 that demonstrate the advisability of differentiating between health-related behaviors due to both theory and practice. Lifestyle tends to be a frequently mentioned latent variable underlying health behaviors 1–4,9,11–13,15,23,24,30,32,33,36,38–40. We conclude our study with a frequently cited statement36–40 by Pender: “Health-promoting lifestyle is a multidimensional pattern of behavior aimed at maintaining or improving well-being and personal self-fulfillment” or a “multidimensional file of activities pursued from one’s own initiative.”41…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

One health behaviour or many health-related behaviors?

Havigerová¹,

Dosedlová²,

Burešová³

2018

PRBM

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ObjectiveOf the many existing health models, models of health behavior are considered optimal for research and application as they focus on concrete forms of behavior that support, maintain, or undermine one’s health, and they accentuate the individual as the initiator of this behavior. Research in this area follows a broad range of concrete partial manifestations of health behavior. Is it necessary to differentiate between various types of health behavior or could these partial manifestations be combined under one common scale?MethodsData acquisition tool: Health-Related Behavior Scale (HRBS, 42 items). Data processing methods: principal component analysis (the internal structure of HRBS), confirmatory factor analysis (the latent factor structure of four tested models). Sample: N=1,664 adult respondents.ResultsThe HRBS described ten areas of health-related behavior (ten extracted factors). All tested models of latent structure showed almost identical mathematical and statistical values of the model.ConclusionHealth-related behavior includes a set of partial behaviors (behavior related to nutrition, addictive substances, movement, and physical exercises). An unambiguous latent factor structure has not been revealed. An open question remains whether there is one latent factor behind all health-related behaviors or whether there are multiple latent factors. The use of one or the other model should be deduced from the underlying theory and research objectives. To find a reliable model of health behavior, it is necessary to include moderators and mediators such as personality, attitude, or economic status.

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“…The study was conducted from October 2014 to May 2015 on a sample of 1,520 eligible students. Data were collected as part of a multimodal intervention for the primary prevention of risky health behaviors among middle school students called "Luoghi di Prevenzione" (LdP), that is a part of the National Prevention Plan of the Italian Ministry of Health (15).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol use in early adolescence: findings from a survey among middle school students in Italy

Zucco

Montesano²,

Esposito³

et al. 2017

Pediatr Res

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BackgroundThe aims of this study were to measure the extent of alcohol use among a sample of early adolescents and to provide information on the factors influencing the consumption.MethodsData were collected via self-administered anonymous questionnaires from 1,520 middle school students (mean age of 13.1 years (range 12-15 years)), who were recruited from a random sample of public schools in Calabria Region, Italy.ResultsA total of 1,032 participants completed the survey for a response rate of 68%. Nearly 70% of the respondents had drunk at least once during their lifetime, and 16.7% reported consuming alcohol during 30 days before the survey. Multivariate analysis showed that the factors associated with the consumption of alcohol were being male (odds ratio (OR) 0.58, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.41-0.80), being older (OR 1.88, 95% CI 1.37-2.56), living in an urban area (OR 0.29, 95% CI 0.21-0.40), reporting a sad self-perceived mood (OR 2.76, 95% CI 1.87-4.48), reporting parental drinking habits (OR 7.11, 95% CI 5.02-10.08), and not considering alcohol use as an unhealthy behavior (OR 2.43, 95% CI 1.11-5.31).ConclusionAlcohol use among early adolescents is widespread. Multicomponent interventions are required in order to reduce the average levels of alcohol drinking among early adolescents.

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A prevention program for multiple health-compromising behaviors in adolescence: Baseline results from a cluster randomized controlled trial

Abstract: This study seems adequately powered and baseline variables appear evenly distributed between study groups. Findings are in line with those of the WHO Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children study.

Cited by 8 publications

References 26 publications

A School-Based Program to Promote Well-Being in Preadolescents: Results From a Cluster Quasi-Experimental Controlled Study

A School-Based Program to Promote Well-Being in Preadolescents: Results From a Cluster Quasi-Experimental Controlled Study

One health behaviour or many health-related behaviors?

Alcohol use in early adolescence: findings from a survey among middle school students in Italy

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