A prevenção das infecções sexualmente transmissíveis entre jovens e a importância da educação em saúde

Abstract

Objective: To analyze sexual practices and the adoption of prevention practices for sexually transmitted infections among university students.Method: A descriptive, cross-sectional and quantitative study, carried out in a public higher education institution, located in the city of Rio de Janeiro. A sample of 173 students from the Nutrition, Medicine, Nursing and Biological Sciences courses was selected from the matrix research database.Results: There was predominance of young women (76.88%), aged between 18 and 23 years old (84.39%), sexually active (78.03%), who did not use condoms continuously with stable (47.22%) and casual (30.36%) partners; the majority negotiated condom use (37.78%); never performed a test to detect HIV (56.07%) and denied previous occurrence of STIs (91.33%).Conclusion: The low adherence of young people to condoms with stable and casual partners is a risky sexual behavior that can contribute to acquiring STIs. Expansion of the provision of timely testing and intensification of educational activities in the university environment are necessary practices to reduce the group's vulnerability to STIs. Objetivo: Analizar las prácticas sexuales y la adopción de prácticas de prevención de infecciones de transmisión sexual entre estudiantes universitarios.Método: Investigación descriptiva, transversal, cuantitativa, realizada en una institución pública de educación superior, ubicada en la ciudad de Río de Janeiro. Se seleccionaron 173 estudiantes de las carreras de nutrición, medicina, enfermería y ciencias biológicas como muestra en la base de datos matricial de investigación.Resultados: Hubo predominio de mujeres jóvenes (76,88%), de 18 a 23 años (84,39%), sexualmente activas (78,03%), que no usaban preservativo de forma continuada con parejas estables (47,22%) y casuales (30,36%); la mayoría negoció el uso del condón (37,78%); nunca realizó una prueba para detectar el VIH (56,07%) y negó la ocurrencia previa de ITS (91,33%).Conclusión: La baja adherencia de los jóvenes al condón con parejas estables y casuales son conductas sexuales de riesgo que pueden contribuir a contraer ITS. La ampliación de la oferta de pruebas oportunas y la intensificación de las actividades educativas en el ámbito universitario son prácticas necesarias para reducir la vulnerabilidad del grupo a las ITS. Objetivo: Analisar as práticas sexuais e a adoção de práticas de prevenção de infecções sexualmente transmissíveis entre estudantes universitários. Método: Pesquisa descritiva, transversal, quantitativa, realizada em instituição pública de ensino superior, localizada no município do Rio de Janeiro. Foram selecionados como amostra 173 estudantes dos cursos de nutrição, medicina, enfermagem e ciências biológicas, no banco de dados da pesquisa-matriz. Resultados: Houve predomínio de jovens do sexo feminino (76,88%), faixa etária 18 a 23 anos (84,39%), sexualmente ativos (78,03%); não faziam uso contínuo do preservativo com parceiros fixos (47,22%) e casuais (30,36%); a maioria negociava o uso do preservativo (37,78%); nunca realizaram teste para detectar o HIV (56,07%) e negaram ocorrência prévia de Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis (IST) (91,33%). Conclusão: A baixa adesão dos jovens ao preservativo com parceiros fixos e casuais são comportamentos sexuais de risco que podem contribuir para adquirir IST. A ampliação da oferta de testagem oportuna e a intensificação de ações educativas no ambiente universitário são práticas necessárias para reduzir a vulnerabilidade do grupo às IST.

Sexual behavior of university students in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: a mixed-methods study

“…Considering condom use, a study in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, found that 70.37% of university students did not use condoms during their first sexual intercourse, most of which took place between the ages of 15 and 18; in addition, 60.74% said they did not use this preventive method in all sexual relations, a habit that was more common among those in stable unions ( 30 ) .…”

Sexual behavior according to undergraduate students: perspective of cross-cultural nursing and intersectional framing

“…STI prevention has complex and multifaceted aspects. Cultural, affective and behavioral factors, such as excessive trust in the partner, have a strong influence on condom disuse behaviors ( 15 - 17 ) . The use of condoms is related to the availability and accessibility of this resource, and does not require a prescription, providing low-cost and highly effective protection against STIs and unplanned pregnancy.…”

“…The commitment to sex education is urgent and involves not only health care, but also universities and society, in order to outline the consequences that may result from RSB ( 3 ) . They should include the analysis of their sexual scripts and lifestyles of young people as well as their vulnerabilities ( 15 ) .…”

Social representation of young people in higher education about sexually transmitted infections

“…Young people are considered a vulnerable social group to acquire STIs, as they have sexual behaviors that predispose to the acquisition of STIs, such as early initiation of sexual life, discontinuous or incorrect use of condoms, occurrence of multiple sexual partners or as a result of the loosening of surveillance of selective behaviors by the use of psychoactive substances (PAS) ( 5 - 8 ) . According to the Ministry of Health (MoH), in 2020, there was an increase in the AIDS detection rate among young people aged 15 to 24 years, with 33.2 cases/100,000 inhabitants, compared to 2010, which registered 27.2 cases/ 100,000 inhabitants.…”