A prevalência de perdas auditivas em crianças e adolescentes com câncer

Abstract

The treatment of cancer in children has several side effects, including ototoxicity. Inner ear structures may be affected and hearing loss may ensue. Aim: To estimate the prevalence of hearing loss in patients with cancer using the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA), the Pediatric Oncology Group Toxicity (POGT), and the Bilateral Hearing Loss (PAB) criteria. Study design: a prospective study. Material and Methods: 94 patients admitted between 2003 and 2004 were analyzed. Visual inspection of the external auditory meatus and an audiologic evaluation were done. Descriptive statistics was used to characterize the sample, and Kappa statistics was used to investigate concordance of hearing loss in the three types of classification. Results: The prevalence of hearing loss was 42.5% using ASHA, 40.4% using POGT, and 12.8% using PAB. The concordance of hearing loss was weak for POGT and PAB (k=0.36) and for PAB and ASHA (k=0.33). The concordance between ASHA and POGT was almost perfect (k=0.96). Conclusions: Hearing loss is an important side effect of the treatment of cancer in children. Periodic audiology monitoring is recommended to detect early hearing loss and to revise the treatment if necessary. Adoption of a classification system that detects mild hearing loss (ASHA) is recommended.

Brainstem auditory pathway of children with acute lymphoid leukemia on chemotherapy with methotrexate

“…This hindered the measurement of OAEs; therefore, this procedure was performed only in children who did not undergo puretone audiometry. These findings are consistent with reports in the literature of individuals undergoing chemotherapy who have both complaints of otitis and upper airway infection 4 .…”

“…Although data from the literature 4 show that ALL occurs more frequently in males, in the present study, our sample included mostly females. This may have occurred because the sample number was small.…”

“…The BAEP results showed that of the 14 children evaluated, 35.71% (1,2,4,8,11) had some type of alteration, and the predominant type was auditory impairment in the lower brainstem (80%) ( Tables 1, 2…”

Caracterização audiológica de crianças em tratamento oncológico

“…We agree with published literature (4) that emphasizes the importance of setting up audiology services in oncological therapy centers, because the practice of auditory monitoring is not prevalent in Brazil, which leads to a smaller sample size and hinders data collection.…”

“…These changes can occur early or late, depending on the therapy and the age of the child (3) . One such change is ototoxicity, which is defined as the reaction that produces structural lesions in the inner ear, leading to irreversible sensorineural, descending, and bilateral auditory alterations (4) . These alterations initially involve the basal portion of the cochlea, affecting high frequencies, and may progress towards the cochlear apex, affecting middle and low frequencies (5) .…”