A preliminary study of human paraoxonase and PON 1 L/M55–PON 1 Q/R 192 polymorphisms in Turkish patients with coronary artery disease

Abstract

Paraoxonase 1 (PON 1) is a high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-associated enzyme with antioxidant function protecting low-density lipoprotein (LDL) from oxidation. PON 1 has two amino acid polymorphisms in coding region; L/M 55 and Q/R 192. These polymorphisms modulate paraoxonase activity of the enzyme. PON 1 activity decreases in coronary artery disease (CAD). In the present study, distribution of PON 1 L/M 55 and Q/R 192 polymorphisms and the effect of these polymorphisms on the activities of PON 1, and on the severity of CAD in 277 CAD (+) patient and 92 CAD (-) subjects were examined. PON 1 L/M 55 and Q/R 192 genotypes were determined by PCR, RFLP and agarose gel electrophoresis techniques. Genotype distributions and allele frequencies for PON 1 Q/R 192 polymorphism were not significantly different between controls and CAD (+) patient group (p > 0.05), but in genotype and allele distribution of PON 1 L/M55 polymorphism, there was significantly difference among groups (p < 0.05). Genotype distributions for both polymorphisms were not significantly different between subgroups of single-vessel disease (SVD), double-vessel disease (DVD) and triple-vessel disease (TVD). Serum PON 1 activity was lower in CAD (+) group than in controls and this was also statistically significant (p < 0.001). In both groups, the highest PON activities were detected in LL and RR genotypes. In summary, our results suggest that there is an association between the PON 1 L/M 55 polymorphism of paraoxonase and CAD in Turkish patients but not with PON 1 Q/R 192 polymorphism. However, it is hard to correlate these polymorphisms and severity of CAD.

Distribution of Pon L/M55 and Q/R192 Genotypes in Turkish Patients with Angiographically-Defined Coronary Artery Disease: Effects on Serum Lipids

“…Kaman et al also studied the PON55 polymorphism in an angiographically-defined Turkish population and did not find an association between the severity of CAD and PON55 polymorphism. 25 In contrast to the results of the present study, they reported that the frequency of M allele was significantly higher among control subjects than among CAD patients. The difference in the frequency of polymorphic M allele between these two studies including Turkish populations may arise from the different sample sizes.…”

“…The difference in the frequency of polymorphic M allele between these two studies including Turkish populations may arise from the different sample sizes. Although the study population of the report by Kaman et al was larger than the population in the present study, the CAD patients with diabetes were excluded in the present study but not in the study by Kaman et al 25 The studies investigating the relation between the PON192 polymorphism and CAD have also shown conflicting results even among the studied populations within the same country. 6,17,18,22,[26][27][28] In the present study, the evaluation of PON192 genotype distribution between healthy controls and CAD patients did not show any significant difference PON192 polymorphism in Turkish populations also showed no significant difference in the distribution of PON192 genotypes or alleles between CAD patients and controls.…”

“…Our results are in agreement with the results of Kaman et al who investigated both PON55 and 192 polymorphisms in a Turkish population with CAD. 25 When the results of the present study is assessed together with similar studies including Turkish populations we may conclude that PON55 and PON192 genotypes are not useful markers for the estimation of either cardiovascular risk or the severity of coronary artery disease in the Turkish population.…”

PON1 55 and 192 Gene Polymorphisms in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in a Turkish Population

“…The PON1 55 LL genotype was reported to be associated with a 1.78-fold increase in the risk of ischemic stroke in a Turkish population (Demirdogen et al 2009;Kaman et al 2009), with the highest PON activities detected in the LL and RR genotypes (Kaman et al 2009). The frequency of the QQ genotype of PON1 192 and the MM genotype of PON1 55 was reported to be lower in patients compared with healthy control subjects.…”

Cardiovascular Event Risk

“…Ethnic differences may also play a role, as it has been reported that in a Turkish patient population PON-1 L55M was associated with CHD but not PON-1 Q192R (38). The PON-1 Gln192Arg SNP has been associated with a significantly increased risk of stroke (39).…”