A Preliminary Conspectus of the Allon Flora from the Late Cretaceous (Late Santonian) of Central Georgia, U.S.A.

Herendeen, Patrick S.; Magallon-Puebla, Susana; Lupia, Richard; Crane, Peter R.; Kobylinska, J.

doi:10.2307/2666182

Cited by 103 publications

(70 citation statements)

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“…Lauraceae fossils, other than wood, are common in Cretaceous and Tertiary sediments of both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres (e. g. Drinnan et al 1990;Pole 1993;Hill & Merrifield 1993;Herendeen et al 1994;Carpenter & Pole 1995;Pole 1996;Beertini & Roiron 1997;Kvacek 1998;Eklund & Kvacek 1998;Pole & Douglas 1999;Herendeen et al 1999) but the fossil record of Sassafras-like organs is restricted to leaves from the Tertiary of North America (Axelrod 1966;MacGinitie 1953), Europe and Asia (Mai 1995). The fossil wood from Upper Cretaceous sediments of the Antarctic Peninsula region is the first and earliest record of Sassafras-like wood.…”

Section: Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for Gondwanan Origins for Sassafras (Lauraceae)? Late Cretaceous Fossil Wood of Antarctica

Poole¹,

Richter²,

Francis³

2000

IAWA J

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Sassafrasoxylon gottwaldii sp. nov. is a new taxon for fossil wood with a suite of features diagnostic of Sassafras Nees & Eberm. of the Lauraceae. The fossil wood described is from Late Cretaceous (Santonian- Maastrichtian) sediments of the northern Antarctica Peninsula region. This new species of Sassafrasoxylon Brezinová et Süss resembles the species of extant Sassafras in being distinctly ring-porous, having vessel elements with simple perforation plates and very occasional scalariform plates with relatively few bars in the narrowest latewood vessels, alternate intervascular pitting, marginal (initial) parenchyma bands and paratracheal vasicentric parenchyma in the latewood, multiseriate rays and oil and /or mucilage cells. The fossils were found as isolated pieces of wood and therefore it is not certain whether the parent plant was Sassafras-like in all characters. Consequently the fossils have been placed in an organ genus rather than in extant Sassafras. This is the oldest record of an organ with features closest to extant Sassafras and may suggest that Sassafras first appeared in Gondwana and later radiated into the Northern Hemisphere. The distribution of extant Sassafras in North America and East Asia may represent a relict of a geographically more widespread taxon in the past.

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Section: Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for Gondwanan Origins for Sassafras (Lauraceae)? Late Cretaceous Fossil Wood of Antarctica

Poole¹,

Richter²,

Francis³

2000

IAWA J

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“…As Herendeen and Crane (1995) point out, there are difficulties in recognizing monocots as fossils due to the lack of synapomorphies for the clade and the types of morphological characters that might be seen in fossils. Furthermore, monocots make up only 22% of the total species diversity for flowering plants (Mabberley 1987;Herendeen and Crane 1995). Since most monocots are small and herbaceous and their flowers are mainly insect pollinated, potential for preservation of their pollen is especially low (Herendeen and Crane 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While many fossils were originally assigned to these basal groups, rigorous paleobotanical studies have shown many of them to be misidentified. The fossil record of monocots was reviewed by Daghlian (1981), and most recently by Herendeen and Crane (1995). The early Cretaceous record was later reviewed by Gandolfo et al (2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The early Cretaceous record was later reviewed by Gandolfo et al (2000). As Herendeen and Crane (1995) point out, there are difficulties in recognizing monocots as fossils due to the lack of synapomorphies for the clade and the types of morphological characters that might be seen in fossils. Furthermore, monocots make up only 22% of the total species diversity for flowering plants (Mabberley 1987;Herendeen and Crane 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Fossil Record of Basal Monocots

Stockey¹

2006

aliso

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The fossil record of basal monocots (Acorales and Alismatales) extends back to the Cretaceous in the Northern Hemisphere. While many fossils were originally assigned to these basal groups, rigorous paleobotanical studies show many of them to be misidentified. Acarus fossils have been reliably reported from the Eocene while those of Alismatales extend back to the early Cretaceous. The fossil record of basal monocots is usually represented by leaves, fruits, and seeds; however, some localities preserve stems with attached leaves and roots and even whole plants. A detailed examination of leaf venation patterns in alismatids has recently allowed the description of a new taxon from the Upper Cretaceous of Alberta based on leaves attributed to Limnocharitaceae. Anatomically preserved alismatid petioles (Heleophyton helobiaeoides) and well-preserved flowers/fruits are known from the Middle Eocene Princeton chert of British Columbia. A complete developmental sequence from flower to fruit is known, and this material has good possibilities for whole plant reconstruction. The extinct floating aquatic Limnobiophyllum (Araceae!Lemnoideae) and the genus Pistia have been the subject of morphological cladistic analyses and competing hypotheses of relationships among aroids and duckweeds. The fossil record and recent molecular studies support separate origins of Pistia and the duckweeds from within Araceae. The fossil taxon "Pistia" corrugata has been reexamined in light of new evidence and indicates the presence of a new genus that shows leaf morphology unlike that seen in extant Pistia, but with a similar growth habit. Fossil evidence indicates that the floating aquatic habit probably arose at least three times within Araceae.

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“…Examples have been reported from Early Cretaceous deposits from Portugal (Crane et al 1995;Friis et al 1999) and the Potomac sequence of the United States (Crane et al 1995;Friis et al 1986;Crane & Herendeen 1996). Late Cretaceous mesofloras have been studied from Sweden (Friis & Skarby 1981;Eklund et al 1997) and elsewhere in Europe (Knobloch & Mai 1991;Eklund & Kvacek 1998) (Crane & Herendeen 1996;Herendeen et al 1999;Sims et al 1999), and, most recently, Japan (Takahashi et al 1999) and Kazakhstan (Frumin & Friis 1999). However, although mesofloras have spectacularly demonstrated the diversity of small flowers in the Cretaceous, by their very nature they cannot give a reliable indication of the relative importance of small and large flowers in the floras of that period.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%