A Preliminary Account of some Observations on the Diurnal Migration of the Crustacea of the Plankton of Lough Derg

Southern, R.; Gardiner, A.C.

doi:10.1002/iroh.19260150503

Cited by 26 publications

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“…In particular, a 'dawn' rise often appears to occur before there can be any appreciable increase in light intensity, even allowing for the long dawn period before sunrise in high latitudes. The work of Esterly (1914), Kikuchi (1930) and Southern & Gardiner (1932) provide examples of this phenomenon; it becomes therefore of some interest to discover whether there is any other stimulus to activity responsible for this phase of the vertical migration cycle. Such an influence could be provided by the endogenous rhythm of activity postulated by Esterly (1917).…”

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confidence: 99%

The Role of Endogenous Rhythms in Vertical Migration

Harris

1963

J. Mar. Biol. Ass.

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(Text-figs. 1-5) 153 It is now more than 40 years since Esterly (1917) first demonstrated on Acartia that the diurnal vertical migration of plankton might be governed by an endogenous rhythm of activity, irrespective of external stimuli except for those due to gravity. Since that time, however, evidence has accumulated of the dominant effect of light on~planktonic movement and the attention of nearly all recent workers has been concentrated on this as the main source of migration.Observations in the field (Russell, 1927;Clarke, 1933) and in the laboratory (Harris & Wolfe, 1955) have demonstrated a clear correlation of the downward movement of many species in the morning with an increase of overhead illumination, and of the reverse upward movement at dusk with a corresponding decrease in surface illumination. Bogorov (1946) has reported measurements from polar seas which suggest that the vertical migration of several planktonic species, present in its characteristic form during the autumn when there is a typical diurnal rhythm of light intensity, is absent during the arctic summer, when there is little or no change in surface illumination through the 24 h. No corresponding observations have been reported during winter months in polar seas.Bogorov points out that the species studied during the arctic summer live at a characteristic depth, and must therefore be actively maintaining this depth against upwelling and downward currents which would tend to displace them. He therefore concludes, with earlier workers, that the organisms are maintaining themselves at a level with optimum light conditions. This notion of an' optimum' light intensity, first developed by Rose (1925) and very actively explored by Russell (1927) is not inconsistent with laboratory observations made much earlier by Ewald (1910) on Cladocera. An alternation of active upward swimming and active or passive downward movement determines upper and lower boundaries of distribution governed by light intensity; the notion of an optimum light intensity, albeit subject to adaptation, is clearly envisaged by Ewald.Harris & Wolfe (1955), by recording photographically the movements of a population in a tank of water filled with a dilute solution of Indian ink,

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The Role of Endogenous Rhythms in Vertical Migration

Harris

1963

J. Mar. Biol. Ass.

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“…In general, zooplankton tend to move upwards during the hours of darkness and downwards as daylight approaches (Southern, Gardiner 1932;Hutchinson 1967).…”

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confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the early 1920s, Southern and Gardiner (1932) examined diurnal migrations of crustaceans in Lough Derg and found that species were not homogenous in their pattern of diurnal migration. Since Southern and Gardiner's (1932) study, the lake environment has changed. In subsequent decades, an increase in the abundance of planktonic algae (especially blue-green algae) has been observed, an invasive species -the zebra mussel Dreissena polymorpha appeared, and there has been a decrease in the abundance of an important economic fish species -the eel (Anguilla anguilla).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The highest total zooplankton density (rotifers, copepods, cladocerans, mysids and zebra mussel larvae) was recorded at 3 a.m. Rotifers preferred mainly a depth from 0 to 8 m, while copepods and cladocerans were observed within the whole water column during a 24 hour observation. It was a different pattern of diurnal migration than that Southern and Gardiner (1932) received, though they didn't study rotifers. Probably food concentration and/or predators, or other environmental factors could influence the diel vertical migration of zooplankton from Loug Derg.…”

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Has zooplankton 24 hour vertical distribution pattern in Lough Derg (Ireland) been changed over the period of ∼90 years?

Pociecha

McCarthy

2011

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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The vertical distribution of zooplankton was examined in Lough Derg, Ireland. Zooplankton was collected at one location every 2 m from the surface to the bottom during 24 hours at four-hour intervals. Zooplankton was identified to the species level and its density was calculated for each taxon, depth and hour. We recorded 9 rotifer, 3 copepod, and 4 cladoceran species. The highest total zooplankton density (rotifers, copepods, cladocerans, mysids and zebra mussel larvae) was recorded at 3 a.m. Rotifers preferred mainly a depth from 0 to 8 m, while copepods and cladocerans were observed within the whole water column during a 24 hour observation. It was a different pattern of diurnal migration than that Southern and Gardiner (1932) received, though they didn't study rotifers. Probably food concentration and/or predators, or other environmental factors could influence the diel vertical migration of zooplankton from Loug Derg.

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Vertical movements of fresh‐water Macroplankton

Worthington¹

1931

Intl Review of Hydrobiology

124

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A Preliminary Account of some Observations on the Diurnal Migration of the Crustacea of the Plankton of Lough Derg

Cited by 26 publications

References 0 publications

The Role of Endogenous Rhythms in Vertical Migration

The Role of Endogenous Rhythms in Vertical Migration

Has zooplankton 24 hour vertical distribution pattern in Lough Derg (Ireland) been changed over the period of ∼90 years?

Vertical movements of fresh‐water Macroplankton

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