A predictive model for discrete cell gravure roll coating

Raske, Nicholas; Hewson, Robert; Kapur, Nikil; Boer, Gregory de

doi:10.1063/1.4984127

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 46 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Recent progress on dealing with one of the fundamental challenges of gravure printing and coating, i.e. the fact that there are interacting ink flows on very different length scales, was contributed by Raske et al. (2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gravure printing with a shear-rate-dependent ink

Rothmann-Brumm,

Brockmann,

Roisman

et al. 2024

Flow

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Gravure printing is a type of printing method that uses metal cylinders with engraved cells that hold ink. The ink is transferred directly to the paper or other material by pressing it against the cylinder. The flow associated with gravure printing includes a flow in a liquid bridge formed in the contact region of the cylinders and a thin-film coating flow of the ink. The flow is governed by viscous and capillary forces. In many cases, the flow is unstable, which leads to the formation of instability patterns on the printed surfaces. The analysis of these instabilities is a very challenging problem, especially since industrial inks are usually rheologically complex. In this experimental and theoretical study, the flow of inks on a rotating cylinder is analysed, accounting for the shear-rate-dependent liquid viscosity. A theoretical solution for the film flow allows us to predict the width of the liquid bridge between two cylinders. Moreover, it is shown that the measured characteristic size of the printed pattern is of the same order as the predicted liquid bridge width. We observe a nearly linear dependence of pattern size and liquid bridge width.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gravure printing with a shear-rate-dependent ink

Rothmann-Brumm,

Brockmann,

Roisman

et al. 2024

Flow

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The air volume in the cell in the ink filling phase of direct gravure printing was studied by Cen et al in terms of the capillary number of ink [ 14 ]. Raske et al theoretically analyzed the ink transfer ratio during the ink transferring phase of reverse gravure coating in terms of the speed ratio, capillary number, and web tension [ 15 ]. In these studies [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ], printability was evaluated based on the net ink transfer ratio during the printing and coating.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Raske et al theoretically analyzed the ink transfer ratio during the ink transferring phase of reverse gravure coating in terms of the speed ratio, capillary number, and web tension [ 15 ]. In these studies [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ], printability was evaluated based on the net ink transfer ratio during the printing and coating. Nguyen et al theoretically and experimentally studied the effects of the surface tension of ink, surface energy, and the aspect ratio of the cell on the ink transfer ratio and pattern width [ 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previously reported results indicate that printability has been defined by researchers as an ink transfer ratio [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ], pattern width (or widening ratio) [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ], or edge waviness [ 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ] depending on the perspective; however, printability cannot be defined as a single term. The Printed Electronics Technical Committee of the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC/TC119) has defined printability from the perspective of international standards, and related standards are being actively established [ 29 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Advanced Algorithm for Reliable Quantification of the Geometry and Printability of Printed Patterns

Lee

Kim

2023

Nanomaterials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In nanoparticle-based printed electronic devices, the printability of the patterns constituting the device are crucial factors. Although many studies have investigated the printability of patterns, only a few have analyzed and established international standards for measuring the dimensions and printability of shape patterns. This study introduces an advanced algorithm for accurate measurement of the geometry and printability of shape patterns to establish an international standard for pattern dimensions and printability. The algorithm involves three core concepts: extraction of edges of printed patterns and identification of pixel positions, identification of reference edges via the best-fitting of the shape pattern, and calculation of different pixel positions of edges related to reference edges. This method enables the measurement of the pattern geometry and printability, including edge waviness and widening, while considering all pixels comprising the edges of the patterns. The study results revealed that the rectangle and circle patterns exhibited an average widening of 3.55% and a maximum deviation of 1.58%, based on an average of 1662 data points. This indicates that the algorithm has potential applications in real-time pattern quality evaluation, process optimization using statistical or AI-based methods, and foundation of International Electrotechnical Commission standards for shape patterns.

show abstract

“…In this paper we derive a new method for investigating EHL in line contacts based on similar principles, which additionally considers transients, arbitrary pressure-density and arbitrary pressure-viscosity relationships. Authors have also developed ALE formulations for thin film flow problems with moving boundaries, such as those found in the modelling of menisci [43] and free surfaces [44]. The main advantage to the method introduced is the simplicity in which the solution to pressure in both phases can be obtained, as calculated using a commercial software package.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian Formulation for Modelling Cavitation in the Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication of Line Contacts

Boer

Dowson

2018

Lubricants

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:In this article an arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) formulation for modelling cavitation in elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) is derived and applied to line contact geometry. The method is developed in order to locate the position of cavitation onset along the length of the contacting region which gives the transition from liquid to vapour in the fluid. The ALE is implemented by introducing a spatial frame of reference in which the solution is required and a material frame of reference in which the governing equations are solved. The spatial frame is moved from the material frame according to the error in the Neumann pressure gradient constraint required at the cavitation location when Dirichlet constraints are imposed for pressure in the liquid phase. Results are calculated under both steady-state and transient operating conditions using a multigrid solver. The solutions obtained are compared to established literature and conventional approaches to modelling cavitation which show that the ALE formulation is an alternative, straightforward and accurate means of implementing such conditions in EHL. This is achieved without the penalties associated with the numerical modelling of Heaviside functions or free boundaries.

show abstract

A predictive model for discrete cell gravure roll coating

Cited by 7 publications

References 46 publications

Gravure printing with a shear-rate-dependent ink

Gravure printing with a shear-rate-dependent ink

Advanced Algorithm for Reliable Quantification of the Geometry and Printability of Printed Patterns

An Arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian Formulation for Modelling Cavitation in the Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication of Line Contacts

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About