A predictive model for diagnosing stroke-related apraxia of speech

Ballard, Kirrie J.; Azizi, Lamiae; Duffy, Joseph R.; McNeil, Malcolm R.; Halaki, Mark; O’Dwyer, Nicholas; Layfield, Claire; Scholl, Dominique I.; Vogel, Adam P.; Robin, Donald A.

doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2015.12.010

Cited by 69 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The good diagnostic discriminative value of the PVI measure in this study is consistent with findings for stroke-induced aphasia with versus without AOS (Ballard et al ., 2016; Vergis et al ., 2014), and for speakers with lvPPA and nfPPA in which PVI was a strong predictor of AOS (Ballard et al ., 2014). Our finding that abnormal PVI values were primarily due to disproportionate lengthening of vowels in the word-initial weak syllable as opposed to lengthening of the vowel in the subsequent stressed syllable also concurs with those studies’ findings.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Comparing PPAOS to dysarthria is important to further determine the diagnostic value of these acoustic measures because dysarthria is sometimes difficult to distinguish from AOS perceptually, and because dysarthria not infrequently co-occurs with neurodegenerative and stroke-related AOS. We suspect the acoustic measures used here will not, by themselves, discriminate AOS from dysarthria as well as they discriminate PPAOS from PPA (cf., Ballard et al ., 2016); that is, these acoustic measures may simply mark the presence of some type of motor speech disorder, but are not specific to any particular motor speech disorder (i.e., AOS versus a type(s) of dysarthria). It may be that a combination of perceptual measures and these or additional acoustic measures will be necessary to maximize sensitivity and specificity for differentiating PPAOS (or AOS regardless of etiology) from dysarthria.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, imitation of words of increasing length and multisyllabic words are known to be sensitive to AOS and its distinction from aphasia (e.g., Ballard et al ., 2016). The choice of simple temporal acoustic measures was supported by the limited data for a few PPAOS speakers (Duffy et al ., 2015; Laganaro et al ., 2012) and a desire to identify measures that can be easily used in clinical settings.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Acoustic measures have potential as markers to improve diagnostic reliability and quantify features of AOS, as demonstrated in studies of stroke-induced AOS in which acoustic measures have quantified slow rate, syllable segmentation, equalized stress, and voicing abnormalities (e.g., Ballard et al ., 2016; Haley et al ., 2012; Kent & McNeil, 1987; Rogers & Storkel, 1999; Vergis et al ., 2014; Ziegler & von Cramon, 1986). Acoustic measures have also been sensitive to temporal abnormalities in speakers with nfPPA, and to differences between groups with nfPPA versus lvPPA in which the nfPPA group included at least some speakers with AOS (Ash et al, 2009; Ballard et al ., 2014; Code, Ball, Tree, & Dawe, 2013; Knibb, Woolams, Hodges, & Patterson, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temporal acoustic measures distinguish primary progressive apraxia of speech from primary progressive aphasia

et al. 2017

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The purpose of this study was to determine if acoustic measures of duration and syllable rate during word and sentence repetition, and a measure of within-word lexical stress, distinguish speakers with primary progressive apraxia of speech (PPAOS) from nonapraxic speakers with the agrammatic or logopenic variants of primary progressive aphasia (PPA), and control speakers. Results revealed that the PPAOS group had longer durations and reduced rate of syllable production for most words and sentences, and the measure of lexical stress. Sensitivity and specificity indices for the PPAOS versus the other groups were highest for longer multisyllabic words and sentences. For the PPAOS group, correlations between acoustic measures and perceptual ratings of AOS were moderately high to high. Several temporal measures used in this study may aid differential diagnosis and help quantify features of PPAOS that are distinct from those associated with PPA in which AOS is not present.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temporal acoustic measures distinguish primary progressive apraxia of speech from primary progressive aphasia

et al. 2017

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“…These categories of deficits are not wholly separate, however, as research shows that segmental and suprasegmental properties of apraxic speech are fundamentally linked (e.g., Ballard et al . , Aichert et al . ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliability and stability of the metrical stress effect on segmental production accuracy in persons with apraxia of speech

Bailey

Bunker

Mauszycki

et al. 2019

Intl J Lang & Comm Disor

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Background: Acquired apraxia of speech (AOS) involves speech-production deficits on both the segmental and suprasegmental levels. Recent research has identified a non-linear interaction between the metrical structure of bisyllabic words and word-production accuracy in German speakers with AOS, with trochaic words (strong-weak stress) being resistant to errors compared with iambic words (weak-strong). Aims: To replicate previous findings in English speakers with AOS, to measure the test-retest reliability of the effect, and to examine the potential impact of different methods of word scoring. Methods & Procedures: Speech samples were collected from 27 speakers with AOS and aphasia. Participants were at least 12 months post-stroke or penetrating brain injury, and represented a large range of AOS and aphasia severities. Productions were elicited via verbal model. Sampling was conducted on three separate occasions: the initial data-collection session and then repeated samplings at 1-and 4-week intervals. Bisyllabic words with a CVCVC segmental structure were selected. The list was divided into sublists representing differing lexical stress patterns: A list of 42 trochees, and one of 37 iambs. All speech samples were phonetically transcribed and then aligned with canonical transcriptions via an edit distance algorithm that followed transcription alignment principles. Phonetic-level errors (distortions) were penalized less severely than phonemic-level errors. Per cent consonants correct and whole-word accuracy were also examined. Trochee and iamb lists were analysed separately. Outcomes & Results: Paired samples t-tests indicated that the modified edit distance was significantly lower for the trochee lists than for the iamb lists. There was a lack of a significant effect of time on the absolute difference between modified edit distance for both lists. Intraclass coefficients suggested the list and procedures used are appropriate as an outcome measure for group research. Conclusions & Implications:The results suggest that in English, as in German, the trochaic structure is more resistant to segmental errors in persons with AOS and aphasia, providing replication of the findings of Aichert et al. in 2016. Further, this effect is stable over repeated sampling occasions. Implications for clinical management of AOS include possible ways to scaffold item difficulty and potentially improve stimulus generalization. What this paper addsWhat is already known on the subject Research has previously shown a metrical stress effect on segmental production accuracy in German speakers with AOS. Such non-linear influences on segmental production accuracy provide insight into the speech-production process.What this paper adds to existing knowledge This paper shows a metrical stress effect in bisyllabic word repetition of English speakers with AOS, replicating previous work done with German speakers with AOS. Further, it provides measurements of the test-retest reliability of the measurement tool and the stability of the behaviour across r...

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