A Preclinical Evaluation of Antrodia camphorata Alcohol Extracts in the Treatment of Non‐Small Cell Lung Cancer Using Non‐Invasive Molecular Imaging

Abstract

This study was carried out to provide a platform for the pre-clinical evaluation of anti-cancer properties of a unique CAM (complementary and alternative medicine) agent, Antrodia camphorata alcohol extract (ACAE), in a mouse model with the advantageous non-invasive in vivo bioluminescence molecular imaging technology. In vitro analyses on the proliferation, migration/invasion, cell cycle and apoptosis were performed on ACAE-treated non-small cell lung cancer cells, H441GL and control CGL1 cells. In vivo, immune-deficient mice were inoculated subcutaneously with H441GL followed by oral gavages of ACAE. The effect of ACAE on tumor progression was monitored by non-invasive bioluminescence imaging. The proliferation and migration/invasion of H441GL cells were inhibited by ACAE in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, ACAE induced cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase and apoptosis in H441GL cells as shown by flow cytometric analysis, Annexin-V immunoflourescence and DNA fragmentation. In vivo bioluminescence imaging revealed that tumorigenesis was significantly retarded by oral treatment of ACAE in a dose-dependent fashion. Based on our experimental data, ACAE contains anti-cancer properties and could be considered as a potential CAM agent in future clinical evaluation.

Ethanol Extract ofAntrodia camphorataGrown on Germinated Brown Rice Suppresses Inflammatory Responses in Mice with Acute DSS-Induced Colitis

“…Recent experiments showed the importance of p38 in UC, where the use of p38 and ERK inhibitors abrogated colitis [30, 31]. Moreover, a recent study demonstrated that it can be effective for treating human IBD.…”

“…p38 is known to regulate several target genes that ultimately control infiltration of monocytic cells, acute intestinal inflammation, intestinal electrolyte and water secretion, and cytokine production. Furthermore, it upregulates COX-2 expression in intestinal epithelial cells [30]. Growing evidence indicated that the inhibition of NF- κ B activity (e.g., a direct blockade of RelA (p65), suppression of I κ B α degradation, or IKK β activity) may alleviate the severity of intestinal inflammation [5].…”

Targeting of Topoisomerase I for Prognoses and Therapeutics of Camptothecin-Resistant Ovarian Cancer

“…Mice were intraperitoneally administered 300 μL of PBS containing 10 mg/mL of beetle luciferin (Promega, Madison, WI, USA) before they received isoflurane-mediated anesthesia. The quantitative bioluminescence intensity (qBI) was determined as the total photon flux per second [ 26 ]. At the end of the experiment, the mice were euthanized, and the tumors were excised and weighed.…”

Ethanol extract of Antrodia camphorata inhibits proliferation of HCT-8 human colorectal cancer cells by arresting cell cycle progression and inducing apoptosis

“…Previous studies have illustrated that AC exhibits a broad spectrum of antitumor activities, including apoptotic, antioxidative, and anti-inflammatory effects on human hepatocellular carcinomas and leukocytes (12)(13)(14)(15). In addition, AC has been reported to induce apoptosis via death receptor-mediated and mitochondrial apoptotic signaling pathways, in hepatocellular carcinoma cells (16,17).…”