A Practical Approach to Services Composition Through Light Semantic Descriptions

Cremaschi, Marco; Paoli, Flavio De

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-99819-0_10

Cited by 12 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Several solutions and tools are covered in [18] and [19]. From the modeling 9 Swagger Editor -http://editor.swagger.io/ 10 JSON-LD Playground -https://json-ld.org/playground/ 11 OWL-S: Semantic Markup for Web Services https://www.w3.org/Submission/OWL-S/ service compositions perspective, our formal model presents several similarities to the solutions proposed by [20] and [21].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 91%

A Web Service Composition Method Based on OpenAPI Semantic Annotations

Netedu¹,

Buraga²,

Diac³

et al. 2019

Advances in E-Business Engineering for Ubiquitous Computing

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Automatic Web service composition is a research direction aimed to improve the process of aggregating multiple Web services to create some new, specific functionality. The use of semantics is required as the proper semantic model with annotation standards is enabling the automation of reasoning required to solve non-trivial cases. Most previous models are limited in describing service parameters as concepts of a simple hierarchy.Our proposed method is increasing the expressiveness at the parameter level, using concept properties that define attributes expressed by name and type. Concept properties are inherited. The paper also describes how parameters are matched to create, in an automatic manner, valid compositions. Additionally, the composition algorithm is practically used on descriptions of Web services implemented by REST APIs expressed by OpenAPI specifications. Our proposal uses knowledge models (ontologies) to enhance these OpenAPI constructs with JSON-LD semantic annotations in order to obtain better compositions for involved services. We also propose an adjusted composition algorithm that extends the semantic knowledge defined by our model.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 91%

A Web Service Composition Method Based on OpenAPI Semantic Annotations

Netedu¹,

Buraga²,

Diac³

et al. 2019

Advances in E-Business Engineering for Ubiquitous Computing

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“…In addition, we considered SPARQL performance benchmarks, such as SP 2 Bench [41], but their queries were discarded from our study, since they were not representative of the real-world complexity indicators mentioned above, and their domains may be too intricate to understand for our test subjects. We also reviewed comparable usability studies, such as [23,21], and found they were based on a small dataset containing geographical information about the US [7] , which also contains predefined English language questions. For our study, besides using the same dataset, we considered the questions that these studies selected and their SPARQL translation.…”

Section: Study Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After the tasks were completed, we asked the participants to reflect on their experience and provide feedback using a free form text area for comments, and the System Usability Scale (SUS) questionnaire [42], a standardized usability test that has proven to be very useful when investigating interface usability [43]. [7] The Mooney Natural Language Learning Data, available at http://www.cs.utexas.edu/ users/ml/nldata/geoquery.html…”

Section: Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The synergy of these two popular technologies, namely standardized specifications for REST APIs and Linked Data semantics, has motivated the emergence of approaches for semantic annotation of Web APIs, such as JWASA [6], AutomAPIc [7], and our own work on Linked REST APIs (LRA) [1,2], which attempt to simplify, and partially automate, the way developers interact with data provided from Web APIs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The LRA Workbench: An IDE for Efficient REST API Composition through Linked Metadata

Serrano

Stroulia

2021

Preprint

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The number of Web APIs for accessing information and services is continuously increasing, and yet, no tools exist to automate the time-consuming and error-prone process of invoking these APIs and composing their responses. The recent emergence of widely-adopted, standardized, Web-API description formats and the development of Linked Data technologies for data integration have motivated our work on the LRA (Linked REST APIs) methodology. LRA relies on RDF service specifications to automate the development process around the usage of Web APIs. This automation represents a great opportunity to systematize and improve the quality of service-oriented application development. However, LRA's reliance on SPARQL as the user-interaction model may hinder its adoption, because it requires developers to learn the intricacies of the unconventional graph data model and its associated datasets. In this paper we have developed the LRA Workbench (LRAWbench), which takes advantage of the emergent schema of Web-API specifications, in order to simplify the formulation of LRA-compliant SPARQL queries. Our empirical evaluation of the LRAWbench usability demonstrates that our tool significantly improves the performance of developers formulating SPARQL queries for LRA. A subsequent study on the effectiveness of the LRAWbench demonstrated that developers using LRA tend to produce code with considerable better structural complexity, in less time, than developers manually composing APIs.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

The LRA Workbench: an IDE for efficient REST API composition through linked metadata

Serrano

Stroulia

2021

J Big Data

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The number of Web APIs for accessing information and services is continuously increasing, and yet, no tools exist to automate the time-consuming and error-prone process of invoking those APIs and composing their responses. The recent emergence of widely-adopted, standardized, Web-API description formats and the development of Linked Data technologies for data integration have motivated our work on the LRA (Linked REST APIs) methodology [1, 2]. LRA relies on RDF service specifications to automate the development process around the usage of Web APIs. This automation represents a great opportunity to systematize and improve the quality of service-oriented application development. However, LRA’s reliance on SPARQL as the user-interaction model may hinder its adoption, because it requires developers to learn the intricacies of the unconventional graph data model and its associated datasets. In this paper we have developed the LRA Workbench ($$LRA_{Wbench}$$ L R A Wbench ), which takes advantage of the emergent schema of Web-API specifications, in order to simplify the formulation of LRA-compliant SPARQL queries. Our empirical evaluation of the $$LRA_{Wbench}$$ L R A Wbench usability demonstrates that our tool significantly improves the performance of developers formulating SPARQL queries for LRA. A subsequent study on the effectiveness of the $$LRA_{Wbench}$$ L R A Wbench demonstrated that developers using LRA tend to produce code with considerable better structural complexity, in less time, than developers manually composing APIs.

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A Practical Approach to Services Composition Through Light Semantic Descriptions

Cited by 12 publications

References 10 publications

A Web Service Composition Method Based on OpenAPI Semantic Annotations

A Web Service Composition Method Based on OpenAPI Semantic Annotations

The LRA Workbench: An IDE for Efficient REST API Composition through Linked Metadata

The LRA Workbench: an IDE for efficient REST API composition through linked metadata

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