The use of 1D chaotic maps in multimedia security applications is becoming increasingly attractive due to their advantages, including the high sensitivity to both initial and control parameters, rich dynamical behavior and ease of implementation for both software and hardware. This chapter presents a survey and analysis of recent multimedia encryption, watermarking, zero-watermarking and data hiding schemes involving the use of 1D chaotic maps. The present work also attempts to identify some drawbacks of existing 1D chaotic maps and multimedia security schemes involved the use of such maps, with suggestions for overcoming the identified limitations.