A Potential Linking between Vitamin D and Adipose Metabolic Disorders

Miao, Zhiguo; Wang, Shan; Wang, Yimin; Guo, Liping; Zhang, Jinzhou; Liu, Yang; Yang, Qiyuan

doi:10.1155/2020/2656321

“…4 Vitamin D, an essential nutrient, is primarily involved in calcium homeostasis and bone mineralization. Previous studies have demonstrated the multiple roles of vitamin D, such as in adipogenesis, glucose-insulin homeostasis, and cell growth, 5 which partly explains the close association between vitamin D insufficiency and various chronic diseases, including obesity. 6 Previous studies have found an inverse association between vitamin D levels and adiposity or MetS in children of varied ethnicity, [7][8][9] possibly due to changes in inflammatory factors, 10 parathyroid hormone production, 11 or activation of Ca 2+ -dependent calpain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphisms with Metabolic Syndrome in Chinese Children

Wang¹,

Su²,

Ding³

et al. 2021

IJGM

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Purpose: To investigate the association between vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms and vitamin D deficiency, overweightness/obesity, and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in a cohort of Han children residing in Hangzhou, China. Patients and Methods: This study assessed 106 overweight/obese and 86 healthy (control) children. Five single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the VDR gene, namely, TaqI (rs731236 T > C), ApaI (rs7975232 C > A), BsmI (rs1544410 G > A), FokI (rs2228570 G >A), and Cdx2 (rs11568820 G > A), were genotyped by sequencing the total polymerase chain reaction products. The distributions of different genotypes and alleles were compared among different groups. Results: The serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration was significantly lower in overweight/obese children, while the AA genotype of ApaI SNP exhibited higher frequencies in the overweight/obese group than in the control. Furthermore, children with the ApaI AA genotype showed higher levels of Glu-60min, Glu-90min, Glu-120min and triglyceride. The AA genotype of FokI SNP was significantly associated with MetS. However, no association was observed between the five VDR SNPs and the risk of vitamin D deficiency. Conclusion: VDR ApaI polymorphisms appear to be correlated with overweightness/obesity and glucose intolerance. FokI polymorphisms may be linked to a higher susceptibility toward MetS in Chinese children.

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“…It has been demonstrated that diabetes mellitus may develop from vitamin D deficiency acting directly and indirectly [ 4 , 5 ]. Direct action includes impaired pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction and thus decreased insulin sensitivity or enhanced insulin resistance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Direct action includes impaired pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction and thus decreased insulin sensitivity or enhanced insulin resistance. Due to the presence of both 1- α -hydroxylase and vitamin D receptor (VDR) in pancreatic β cells, vitamin D is important for insulin synthesis and release [ 5 , 21 ]. Previous studies suggest that vitamin D deficiency is associated with a proinflammatory state in obesity [ 4 , 5 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vitamin D has recently been associated with several of the contributing factors known to be linked to the development of IR and hence type 2 diabetes mellitus including defects in pancreatic beta cell function, insulin sensitivity, and systemic inflammation [ 4 , 5 ]. Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) has been described as a risk factor for type 2 diabetes in obese humans [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency and Its Association with Insulin Resistance in Obese Women with Normal Fasting Glucose

Saleem

¹

,

Rizvi

²

,

Elahi

³

2021

BioMed Research International

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Background and Objective. Association of vitamin D (25-hydroxyvitamin-D; 25(OH)D), with glucose metabolism is ethnic dependent. We study the relation of vitamin D and its metabolites with the glycemic profile of obese women. Patients and Methods. Informed consent and demographic information was collected from obese ( BMI ≥ 30 kg / m 2 ) and nonobese women. A blood sample in fasting was obtained and analyzed for fasting glucose, fasting insulin, serum 25(OH)D, serum parathyroid hormone (PTH), and calcium levels. Insulin resistance (IR), detected by Matthews’ method (1985), was considered in women with HOMA − IR ≥ 2.5 . Vitamin D concentrations < 12 ng / ml were considered vitamin D deficiency. Results. A total of 264 obese and 133 normal BMI women (controls) of age range 20-50 years were selected. Obese women had significantly lower vitamin D compared to control women ( P < 0.05 ). Among euglycemic ( fasting glucose < 100 mg / dl ) obese women ( n = 221 ), 90 (40.7%) were vitamin D deficient. Serum PTH and calcium levels were negatively correlated, though nonsignificantly with vitamin D ( r = − 0.172 , P = 0.090 , and r = − 0.051 , P = 0.557 , respectively). The mean age, BMI, waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), fasting glucose, fasting insulin, PTH, and calcium were not significantly different in vitamin D-deficient as compared to nondeficient obese women. IR was detected in 109 (49.3%) obese women. Mean HOMA-IR in vitamin D-deficient women was significantly higher than that in the nondeficient obese women ( 3.03 ± 1.64 vs. 2.40 ± 1.02 ; P = 0.041 ), but the percentage of women with IR was comparable in both groups (51.1% vs. 45.8%; P = 0.745 ). Univariate analysis revealed that HOMA-IR was negatively correlated with vitamin D and positively with BMI and PTH. A multivariate regression analysis, stepwise method revealed that BMI and PTH were independent determinants of HOMA-IR instead of vitamin D. Conclusion. More than 40% of obese women were vitamin D deficient. Among euglycemic obese women, 49% were insulin resistant. Prevalence of insulin resistance, though negatively correlated with vitamin D, could be better explained by BMI and PTH levels.

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“…Deficiency also causes the inflammation associated with adipose metabolic diseases, such as obesity, multiple sclerosis, diabetes, and fatty liver. Metabolic conditions are also sited as causes for severe complications arising from patients with COVID-19 [104,105].…”

Section: Vitamin D and Uv Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Perfect Storm Review: Immune Dysregulation in Severe COVID-19 and the Possible Role of Mast Cell-Vitamin D Interactions

Houldsworth¹

2021

J Emerg Dis Viro

0

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COVID-19 is caused by a Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) and has two spike subunits on the envelope of SARS-CoV-2, S1 and S2, where S1 binds to the Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE-2), a receptor on the host cells and S2 binds to the cell surface membrane. Different immune responses to the virus are apparent, from asymptomatic to severe respiratory distress, organ failure and ultimately death. Immune responses without hyper-inflammation are essential to successful viral resolution. Pathological and environmental factors drive the immunological repertoire, in response to the virus, influencing innate immune cell activation, cytokine-balance and T cell differentiation. This is determined by age, comorbidity, Vitamin D status and ethnicity related factors. Homeostasis of the immune system plays an important role in the development of COVID-19 pneumonia. Mast cell activation and release of histamine is important to the cytokine driven T-cell differentiation as the adaptive response. This review combines the relative effects of UV-index-related Vitamin-D synthesis with immune status. Innate immune responses, T cell differentiation and renin/angiotensin system are different in patients affected by COVID-19 and their different outcomes are explored.

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A Potential Linking between Vitamin D and Adipose Metabolic Disorders

Cited by 18 publications

References 133 publications

Association of Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphisms with Metabolic Syndrome in Chinese Children

Association of Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphisms with Metabolic Syndrome in Chinese Children

Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency and Its Association with Insulin Resistance in Obese Women with Normal Fasting Glucose

The Perfect Storm Review: Immune Dysregulation in Severe COVID-19 and the Possible Role of Mast Cell-Vitamin D Interactions

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