A possible specimen for the study of biaxial yielding of materials

Hazell, C. R.; Marin, Joseph

doi:10.1016/0020-7403(67)90080-x

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The specimens used in combined stress tests are classified into three groups according to their shapes: thin-wall specimens, plate specimens, and block specimens. Figure l [76,78], shows the method of loading rhomboidal plates of different shapes transversely at the corners of the plate. In this method, however, it is difficult to test plates under combined stress state.…”

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanical Behavior of Anisotropic Solids / Comportment Méchanique des Solides Anisotropes

Boehler¹

1982

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A.SAWCZUK Polish Academy of SciencesPre/ace Sur Ie Comportement Mecanique des Solides Anisotropes Le comportement mecanique des solides presente sou vent un caracrere anisotrope, c'est-a-dire une variation de Ia reponse mecanique suivant l'orientation des sollicitations ex terieu res. L 'origine de i'anisotropie mecanique reside dans Ie caractere oriente de Ia structure interne des materiaux, dl1 aux modes de formation ou aux procedes de fabrication (anisotropie initiale): metaux lamines et files, alliages et eutectiques orientes, composites fibreux ou lamellaires, roches stratifiees, argiles consolidees, sables compactes, bois, tissus biologiques (os), etc. Lorsqu 'un materiau solide subit des dejormations plastiques irreversibles, la structure interne evolue jusqu a Ia rupture (reorientation des particules et des axes cristallographiques, glissements internes orientes, formation de fissures et de cavites orientees, etc.). Ces modifications de Ia structure microscopique provoquent une evolution de l'anisotropie des proprietes mecaniques macroscopiques (anistropie induite). Les proprietes mecaniques des solides anisotropes jouent un role important dans Ia Merallurgie, Ia Science de 11ngenieur, Ie Genie Civil et Ia Geologie. Une bonne comprehension, une description et une mesure appropriees de Ia njponse directionnelle des solides soumis d des sollicitations mecaniques, thermiques, electriques ou autres sont d'une importance vitale dans differentes branches de Ia technologie et concernent en generalles problemes de Ia Science de I1ngenieur dans les objectifs de la societe contemporaine. A titre d'exemples, on peut citer deux applications liees d des soucis de qualite des produits et d'economie de matieres premieres et d 'energie: optimisation des procedes de fabrication pour obtenir des materiaux presentant des caracteristiques mecaniques adaptees; optimisation de la tenue des structures soumises a des conditions d'utilisation severes. L 'utilite pratique du developpement des connaissances dans Ie domaine du comportement des solides anisotropes concerne des secteurs tres diversifies, comme Ia metallurgie, Ia mecanique de i'ingenieur, Ia construction navale, aeronautique et nucleaire, Ie developpement des materiaux composites et renforces, Ia geologie, Ia construction de tunnels et de zones de stockage sous-terrains, Ia prevention des avalanches, Ia sismologie, etc. Les etudes du comportement plastiflue des solides anisotropes peuvent etre regroupees suivant quatre axes: 1) tester, evaluer et decrire d 'une maniere XIV objective les proprietes mecaniques des materiaux anisotropes .. 2) synthetiser Ie comportement materiel dans des modeles mathematiques adequats, prenant en compte les effets des grandes deformations irreversibles .. 3) developper des methodes appropriees pour la resolution des problemes aux limites .. 4) resoudre des problemes specifiques concernant la deformabilite, la fissuration et la rupture, en vue de la mise en a?uvre de procedes technologiques adaptes et de la construction de structures optim...

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Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The experimental procedures for determining the yield surfaces for those materials are summarized in Table 1. Figures II(a), Cd), [153,78,82,83] show some examples of the yield surface for those anisotropic materials. …”

Section: Effectofthe Anisotropy Of Texturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Behavior of Anisotropic Solids / Comportment Méchanique des Solides Anisotropes

Boehler¹

1982

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“…Cross-shaped specimens give the best results to determine biaxial stresses [10,13,23,24]. It has been proven that cruciform specimens allow to obtain the greatest deformation in its middle part and mini-DOI: 10.5604/12303666.1191433…”

Section: Composite Materials Specimens For Biaxial Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This thickness reduction at the specimen centre allowed obtaining better results. Smiths (2006) [6] proposed a cruciform test specimen with central area reduction, but also with the testing of various radii of curvature at the edges state of stress and strain in a thin plate under biaxial loads [16,23,24]. Hence, the important part of the biaxial tests is having a probe that maximises the area where one can find a) a uniform biaxial deformation, b) a minimum shear stress in this area, c) a minimum stress concentration outside the measurment area, d) the specimen failure and e) consistent results reproducibility [6,21,22].…”

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confidence: 99%

Numerical and Experimental Analysis for Shape Improvement of a Cruciform Composite Laminates Specimen

Gutiérrez¹,

Lozano²,

Manzano

et al. 2016

F&TinEE

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The use of composite materials has spread to different applications among which, those using thin sheet plates subjected to biaxial loads are commonly used in the car and aerospace industries. Hence, there is need of a reliable specimen to test these materials under biaxial loads. This reliability depends on measurements that are accurate and repeatable. Thus these measurements depend on the proper design of specimens. This paper reviews the development of cruciform specimens of carbon fibre composite materials and how the geometric shape has evolved. Based on this review, a new geometric shape is proposed. This improvement is based on numerical analysis of the specimen and tests results of experimental measurements carried out using a four piston rig in an orthogonal arrangement. Deformation is measured in the centre of the specimen using strain gauges. By obtaining the principal stresses, it was found that maximum stresses occur in the centre of the specimen.

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