A possible functional necklace formed by placental antigen X-P2-immunoreactive and intensely acetylcholinesterase-reactive (PAX/IAE) glomerular complexes in the rat olfactory bulb

Shinoda, Koh; Ohtsuki, T.; Nagano, Mamoru; Okumura, Tadashi

doi:10.1016/0006-8993(93)90440-x

Cited by 39 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…8). Upon reaching the caudal OB, these axons course dorsally on the medial and lateral surfaces to terminate in 9-11 superficial glomeruli that are consistent in number and position with the necklace glomeruli (20,21). These ␤-gal-positive glomeruli exhibit a rough symmetry across the two OBs within animals ( Fig.…”

Section: Targeting Of Gc-d Neurons and The Necklace Glomeruli In Micementioning

confidence: 86%

Contribution of the receptor guanylyl cyclase GC-D to chemosensory function in the olfactory epithelium

Leinders‐Zufall

Cockerham

Michalakis

et al. 2007

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

198

267

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The mammalian main olfactory epithelium (MOE) recognizes and transduces olfactory cues through a G protein-coupled, cAMPdependent signaling cascade. Additional chemosensory transduction mechanisms have been suggested but remain controversial. We show that a subset of MOE neurons expressing the orphan receptor guanylyl cyclase GC-D and the cyclic nucleotide-gated channel subunit CNGA3 employ an excitatory cGMP-dependent transduction mechanism for chemodetection. By combining gene targeting of Gucy2d, which encodes GC-D, with patch clamp recording and confocal Ca 2؉ imaging from single dendritic knobs in situ, we find that GC-D cells recognize the peptide hormones uroguanylin and guanylin as well as natural urine stimuli. These molecules stimulate an excitatory, cGMP-dependent signaling cascade that increases intracellular Ca 2؉ and action potential firing. Responses are eliminated in both Gucy2d-and Cnga3-null mice, demonstrating the essential role of GC-D and CNGA3 in the transduction of these molecules. The sensitive and selective detection of two important natriuretic peptides by the GC-D neurons suggests the possibility that these cells contribute to the maintenance of salt and water homeostasis or the detection of cues related to hunger, satiety, or thirst.O dor recognition by canonical olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) of the main olfactory epithelium (MOE) begins when odor molecules bind to any one of many hundred G protein-coupled odorant receptors (1-4). Upon ligand binding, odorant receptors activate the G protein G␣ olf , which stimulates type III adenylyl cyclase to increase intracellular levels of cAMP (4-9). This second messenger then directly opens cAMPsensitive, cyclic nucleotide-gated (CNG) channels in the plasma membrane, resulting in the initial depolarization of the cell (3, 4). OSNs that use this cAMP-mediated transduction cascade respond to a wide variety of odors, including food odors, volatile pheromones, and peptides that bind major histocompatibility complex proteins (4, 10-12). A recently discovered second family of G protein-coupled receptors expressed in the MOE, the trace amine-associated receptors, may also function in the recognition of some odors or pheromones by coupling to the canonical cAMP pathway (13). However, there has been intense debate as to whether the cAMP cascade is the only excitatory sensory transduction mechanism in the MOE (11,14,15).A subpopulation of ciliated MOE neurons that express the orphan receptor guanylyl cyclase GC-D (16) are prime candidates to mediate cAMP-independent odor recognition. GC-D cells lack key components of the canonical OSN odor transduction cascade, including G␣ olf , type III adenylyl cyclase, the Ca 2ϩ /calmodulin-dependent phosphodiesterase PDE1C2, the cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase PDE4A, and the cAMPsensitive CNG channel subunits CNGA2 and CNGB1b (17,18). Instead, these neurons express a cGMP-specific CNG channel subunit, CNGA3, and a cGMP-stimulated phosphodiesterase, PDE2 (17,18). Although these cells were identified more than a de...

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Section: Targeting Of Gc-d Neurons and The Necklace Glomeruli In Micementioning

confidence: 86%

Contribution of the receptor guanylyl cyclase GC-D to chemosensory function in the olfactory epithelium

Leinders‐Zufall

Cockerham

Michalakis

et al. 2007

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

198

267

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“…There has been relatively little progress in our knowledge of other subsystems such as the necklace area, a ring of interconnected glomeruli that surrounds the caudal end of the MOB and the aAOB in mouse and rat (Juilfs et al, 1997;Ring et al, 1997;Shinoda et al, 1989;Shinoda et al, 1993;Walz et al, 2002;Zheng et al, 1987). Several markers can be used to distinguish the necklace glomeruli from MOB glomeruli, including the high intensity cholinesterase glomeruli also known as atypical glomeruli (Le Jeune and Jourdan, 1993;Zheng et al, 1987), the placental antigen X-P2 immunoreactive glomeruli (Shinoda et al, 1989;Shinoda et al, 1993), the 2C6 and mAb213-positive glomeruli (Ring et al, 1997) and GC-D and PDE2-expressing glomeruli (Fülle et al, 1995;Juilfs et al, 1997). Glomeruli can be positive for one or more of these markers, as well as for the presence or absence of NCAM or OMP (Ring et al, 1997), thus defining multiple classes.…”

Section: Necklace Glomerulimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fourth, several types of neurons in the MOE project their axons to the necklace area, which demarcates the main from the accessory olfactory bulb. Several markers distinguishes these neurons from OR-expressing OSNs or VR-expressing VSNs: placental antigen X-P2 (Shinoda et al, 1989;Shinoda et al, 1993), antigens to antibodies 2C6 and mAb213 (Ring et al, 1997), and guanylate cyclase-D (GC-D) (Fülle et al, 1995;Juilfs et al, 1997). Neurons from the Grueneberg ganglion also project to the necklace area (Fuss et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Axonal wiring of guanylate cyclase-D-expressing olfactory neurons is dependent on neuropilin 2 and semaphorin 3F

et al. 2007

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+ neurons. Some glomeruli homogeneously innervated by axons of GC-D + neurons form ectopically within the glomerular layer, across wide areas of the main olfactory bulb. Similarly, axonal wiring of some vomeronasal sensory neurons is perturbed by a deficiency of Nrp2 or Sema3f, but not Sema3b or Sema3c. Our findings provide genetic evidence for a Nrp2-Sema3f interaction as a determinant of the wiring of axons of GC-D + neurons into the unusual configuration of necklace glomeruli.

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“…The relationship of these glomerular structures to each other is unclear (Greer et al, 1982;Shinoda et al, 1993;Ring et al, 1997;Baker et al, 1999;Weruaga et al, 2001), but on the whole they display a morphological and immunocytochemical profile that is distinct from that of MOB and AOB glomeruli (Shinoda et al, 1989(Shinoda et al, , 1993. Necklace glomeruli and glomeruli in the MGC are similar in size to MOB glomeruli (Weruaga et al, 2001) and are innervated by OSNs that originate in the MOE (Juilfs et al, 1997).…”

Section: Abstract: Glomeruli; Olfactory Nerve; Ulex Europaeus Agglutmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Microglomerular Structures in the Olfactory Bulb of Mice

Lipscomb

Treloar²,

Greer

2002

J. Neurosci.

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A possible functional necklace formed by placental antigen X-P2-immunoreactive and intensely acetylcholinesterase-reactive (PAX/IAE) glomerular complexes in the rat olfactory bulb

Cited by 39 publications

References 26 publications

Contribution of the receptor guanylyl cyclase GC-D to chemosensory function in the olfactory epithelium

Contribution of the receptor guanylyl cyclase GC-D to chemosensory function in the olfactory epithelium

Axonal wiring of guanylate cyclase-D-expressing olfactory neurons is dependent on neuropilin 2 and semaphorin 3F

Novel Microglomerular Structures in the Olfactory Bulb of Mice

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