A Possible 3 yr Quasi-periodic Oscillation in γ-Ray Emission from the FSRQ S5 1044+71

Wang, Gege; Cai, J. T.; Fan, J. H.

doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac5b08

Cited by 9 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…We applied the method of the Lomb-Scargle periodogram (Lomb 1976;Scargle 1982) to the light curve of J1048+7143, and found a period of ∼3.05 yr at a significance level of 5.5σ. With this we confirm the ∼3.05 ± 0.43 yr period found by Wang et al (2022) at an even higher significance compared to their results (∼3.6σ). We were able to achieve higher significance because we employed the adaptive binning method to derive the lightcurve bins, which makes our analysis even more sensitive for finding light variations.…”

Section: Light Curve Of J1048+7143 Above 168 Mevsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…While Wang et al (2022) employed fixed bin width to construct the γ-ray light curve of 4FGL J1048.4+7143, we applied the adaptive binning algorithm of Lott et al (2012) to set the bin widths of the light curve, in order to get more information about the flaring activity of this AGN. We tested 15%, 7%, 5%, AND 1% values of the relative flux uncertainties to adaptively set the bin widths of the light curve of 4FGL J1048.4+7143.…”

Section: Light Curve Of J1048+7143 Above 168 Mevmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Quasiperiodic oscillations (QPOs) in many blazars can be observed in optical, X-ray, and radio bands, as well as sometimes in the γ-ray regime (e.g., Ren et al 2022). Recently, Wang et al (2022) obtained five-day binned light curves for J1048+7143 (S5 1044+71) with a time coverage of ∼12.9 yr, based on Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) data. The LAT instrument on board the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope is designed to cover the energy band from 20 MeV to above 300 GeV.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The LAT instrument on board the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope is designed to cover the energy band from 20 MeV to above 300 GeV. Applying five different methods, Wang et al (2022) found a possible QPO with a period of 3.06 ± 0.43 yr at the significance level of ∼3.6σ. They concluded that the quasiperiodic flaring activity suggests the presence of an SMBBH in J1048+7143.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multimessenger Picture of J1048+7143*

Kun

Jaroschewski

Ghorbanietemad

et al. 2022

ApJ

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We draw a multimessenger picture of J1048+7143, a flat-spectrum radio quasar known to show quasiperiodic oscillations in the γ-ray regime. We generate the adaptively binned Fermi Large Area Telescope light curve of this source above 168 MeV to find three major γ-ray flares of the source, such that each of the three flares consists of two sharp subflares. Based on radio interferometric imaging data taken with the Very Large Array, we find that the kiloparsec-scale jet is directed west, while our analysis of 8.6 GHz very long baseline interferometry data, mostly taken with the Very Long Baseline Array, revealed signatures of two parsec-scale jets, one pointing east, one pointing south. We suggest that the misalignment of the kiloparsec- and parsec-scale jets is a revealing signature of jet precession. We also analyze the 5 GHz total flux density curve of J1048+7143 taken with the Nanshan (Ur) and RATAN-600 single-dish radio telescopes and find two complete radio flares, lagging slightly behind the γ-ray flares. We model the timing of γ-ray flares as a signature of the spin–orbit precession in a supermassive black hole binary, and find that the binary could merge in the next ∼60–80 yr. We show that both pulsar timing arrays and the planned Laser Interferometer Space Antenna lack sensitivity and frequency coverage to detect the hypothetical supermassive black hole binary in J1048+7143. We argue that the identification of sources similar to J1048+7143 plays a key role in revealing periodic high-energy sources in the distant universe.

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Section: Light Curve Of J1048+7143 Above 168 Mevsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Light Curve Of J1048+7143 Above 168 Mevmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multimessenger Picture of J1048+7143*

Kun

Jaroschewski

Ghorbanietemad

et al. 2022

ApJ

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“…These two signals surely contribute to the global wavelet spectrum, however the short duration and the relatively vertical shape of the second feature centered at around MJD 57500, makes them likely to be compatible with noise. During the preparation of this work, an analysis of S5 1044+71 has been presented by [14], claiming a 3 years modulation (∼3.06 ± 0.43 yr) at a significance level of ∼3.6𝜎. This result is in total agreement with ours.…”

Section: Pos(gamma2022)167supporting

confidence: 89%

Quasi-periodic oscillations in the gamma-ray light curves of bright active galactic nuclei

Ren¹,

Cerruti²,

Sahakyan³

2023

Proceedings of 7th Heidelberg International Symposium on High-Energy Gamma-Ray Astronomy — PoS(Gamma2022)

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The detection of quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) in the emission of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) can provide insights into the physics of the super-massive black-holes (SMBHs) powering these systems, and could represent a signature of the existence of SMBH binaries. The identification of long term QPOs, characterized by periods on the order of several months to years, is particularly challenging and can only be achieved via all-sky monitoring instruments like the Fermi-LAT satellite. We aim to identify QPOs in the 𝛾-ray light-curves of the thirty-five brightest AGNs within the Fermi-LAT catalog, including data from the beginning of the Fermi mission (August 2008) to April 2021, and energies from 100 MeV to 300 GeV. Two time binnings are investigated, 7 and 30 days. The search for quasi-periodic features is then performed using the continuous wavelet transform. The significance of the result is tested via Monte Carlo simulations of artificial light curves with the same power spectral density and probability distribution function as the original light curves. We identify twenty-four quasars with candidate QPOs. Several of our candidates coincide with previous claims in the literature: PKS 0537-441, S5 0716+714, Mrk 421, B2 1520+31, and PKS 2247-131. All our candidates are transient. The most significant multi-year QPO, with a period of about 1100 days, is observed in the quasar S5 1044+71, and is reported here for the first time.

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