A portable screen-printing electrode modified by COFDATA-TP with abundant carboxyl and secondary amine groups for simultaneous detection of Hg2+, Cu2+, Pb2+, and Cd2+

Recent Progress of Covalent Organic Frameworks Applied in Electrochemical Sensors

“…Su and co-workers prepared an imine-based COF by aminealdehyde condensation of 2,4,6-triformylphlorog lucinol (TP) and 2,5-diamino-1,4-phenyldicarboxylic acid (DATA). 83 The uniformly distributed-COOH and NH on the pore wall allowed COF DATA-TP to present a good adsorption effect on heavy metal ions. Hence, COF DATA-TP was modified on a largescale production disposable screen-printing electrode (SPE) to detect trace heavy metal ions.…”

Recent advances in the modification of electrodes for trace metal analysis: a review

“…Table S4 in the ESI † summarizes the main findings of the research studies published in the last five years regarding the use of different metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent-organic frameworks (COFs) as modifiers for various types of electrodes employed in the determination of trace heavy metals. Several MOFs 42,53,116,[150][151][152][153][154]164,177,201,208,209,212,216,236,237,[279][280][281][282][283][284][285][286][287][288][289][290][291][292][293][294][295][296][297] and COFs 198,[298][299][300][301][302] have been employed as modifiers for different types of electrodes in combination with other materials. MOFs are 1D, 2D, or 3D network like structures, highly ordered crystalline materials formed by self-assembly of metal ions or clusters and organic ligands through coordination bonds.…”

“…177 Dropcasting dispersions of the MOFs in various solvents (including ethanol, N,N-dimethylformamide, and isopropanol) on the pretreated surfaces of the electrodes, followed by drying at room temperatures, is generally the main mechanism for applying these frameworks. Although GCEs are by far the most commonly used substrates for the application of different types of MOFs and COFs, 53,116,150,[152][153][154]177,198,201,216,236,237,[279][280][281][282][283][284][285][286][287][288][289][290]298,299 several other types of electrodes have also been modified, including CPEs, 291,292,301 SPCEs, 42,209 gold electrodes, 212,293 as well as PGEs, SPEs, and carbon cloth electrodes (CCEs). 208,294,295,298 In addition, Yang et al 296 and Han et al 300 reported on the attachment of a mercaptan functionalized Zr-based MOF as well as a 1,4-benzenedithiol-2,5-diaminohydrochloride and 1,3,5-triformylbenzene condensed COF to a 3D-structure kenaf stem derived carbon.…”

“…Although GCEs are by far the most commonly used substrates for the application of different types of MOFs and COFs, 53,116,150,[152][153][154]177,198,201,216,236,237,[279][280][281][282][283][284][285][286][287][288][289][290]298,299 several other types of electrodes have also been modified, including CPEs, 291,292,301 SPCEs, 42,209 gold electrodes, 212,293 as well as PGEs, SPEs, and carbon cloth electrodes (CCEs). 208,294,295,298 In addition, Yang et al 296 and Han et al 300 reported on the attachment of a mercaptan functionalized Zr-based MOF as well as a 1,4-benzenedithiol-2,5-diaminohydrochloride and 1,3,5-triformylbenzene condensed COF to a 3D-structure kenaf stem derived carbon. These combined electrodes have been employed in either the simultaneous determination of Cd 2+ , Pb 2+ , Cu 2+ , and Hg 2+ or for the determination of Hg 2+ individually.…”

Fluorescence Detection of Pb2+ in Environmental Water Using Biomass Carbon Quantum Dots Modified with Acetamide-Glycolic Acid Deep Eutectic Solvent

“…The World Health Organization (WHO) has established a maximum acceptable level of 50 ug/L (0.2413 µmol/L) for Pb 2+ in drinking water and a maximum permissible level of 0.1 mg/L (0.4826 µmol/L) in surface water. Current methods for the detection of Pb 2+ , such as atomic absorption spectrometry [33], inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry [34], and electrochemical methods [35], have low detection limits and high sensitivity and are widely used [36]. However, they have high requirements for instrumentation and equipment.…”