A Portable Molecularly Imprinted Sensor for On-Site and Wireless Environmental Bisphenol A Monitoring

Abstract

The detection of pollutant traces in the public and environmental waters is essential for safety of the population. Bisphenol A (BPA) is a toxic chemical widely used for the production of food storage containers by plastic industries to increase the storage ability. However, the insertion of BPA in water medium leads to serious health risks. Therefore, the development of low-cost, practical, sensitive, and selective devices to monitor BPA levels on-site in the environment is highly needed. Herein, for the first time, we present a homemade portable potentiostat device integrated to a laser-scribed graphene (LSG) sensor for BPA detection as a practical environmental pollutant monitoring tool. Recently, there has been an increasing need regarding the development of graphene-based electrochemical transducers (e.g., electrodes) to obtain efficient biosensing platforms. LSG platform is combined with molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) matrix. LSG electrodes were modified with gold nanostructures and PEDOT polymer electrodeposition to create a specific MIP biomimetic receptor for ultrasensitive BPA detection. The sensing device has a Bluetooth connection, wirelessly connected to a smartphone providing high sensitivity and sensitivity (LOD: 3.97 nM in a linear range of .01–10 µM) toward BPA. Two commercial bottled water samples, tap water, commercial milk, and baby formula samples have been used to validate the reliability of the portable sensor device.

Alternative methods of monitoring emerging contaminants in water: a review

“…A paper-based ion-selective electrode was created by drop-casting 20 L of membrane cocktail. Despite the fact that they used molecularly imprinted nanobeads with a higher affinity for BPA that can well disperse in the polymeric membrane potentiometric sensor, their LOD was lower than that in the studies reported by Ali et al (2019), 39 Tan et al (2016), 40 and Beduk et al (2020) 41 using a MIP-carbon coated electrode. Jemmeli et al (2020) developed a lab on a chip on a paper-based electrochemical sensor for bisphenol A detection 73 in another study (Fig.…”

“…Bisphenol A, an endocrine-disrupting chemical widely used in the production of polycarbonate plastics, bottles, food containers, and drinking water bottles, is a major source of great concern. For its detection, 4-VP, acrylamide (AA), N,N 0methylenebis-acrylamide (MBAA), 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (APTES), and pyrrole (Py) monomers were used individually and in combination with MWCNTs, and GO on the coated carbon electrode effectively measured bisphenol A in river, drinking, sea and tap water with a LOD of 8-40 nM [39][40][41] (Fig. 3).…”

Selective Separation of Thyroid-Hormone-Receptor-Binding Substances Using Molecularly Imprinted Polymers

“…The mechanism of ligand recognition in the TR has been already reported, − in which basic amino acids such as arginine and histidine form hydrogen bonding with the carboxy group and phenol of T3. This recognition mechanism is similar to that of the TRI-MIP, in which basic functional monomers recognize acidic functional groups.…”

“…An MIP consists of molecular recognition sites having three-dimensionally located functional monomers that show specific interaction with target compounds and is used as an artificial receptor by imitating real molecular recognition sites. − The MIPs are cost-effective and chemically stable. Furthermore, they are suitable for heavily contaminated environmental samples. − In fact, commercially available C18 and/or polymer-based adsorbents are utilized for pretreatment of environmental samples, although these adsorbents condense without selectivity via hydrophobic interaction. The samples normally include tons of contaminations, which involve significant interference with detections.…”

Live Demonstration: KAUSTat — A Compact Reconfigurable Electrochemical Station

“…Laser-scribed graphene electrodes (LSGs) have been presented as an alternative for standard screen-printed electrodes (SPEs) due to its electronic properties, large surface area, and high porosity. Recently, Rauf et al demonstrated the improvements that can be achieved by decorating LSGs with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), followed by other demonstrations of different combinations of nanoparticles in LSGs and their performance improvements in various applications [1][2][3][4].…”