A Portable Magnetic Particle Spectrometer for Future Rapid and Wash-Free Bioassays

Wu, Kai; Chugh, Vinit Kumar; Girolamo, Arturo Di; Liu, Jinming; Saha, Renata; Su, Diqing; Krishna, Venkatramana D.; Nair, Abilash; Davies, W. L.; Wang, Yongqiang Andrew; Cheeran, Maxim C.-J.; Wang, Jian Ping

doi:10.1021/acsami.0c21040

Cited by 23 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The minimum detectable amount of SHB30 MNPs by the developed one-stage lock-in topology-based MPS system is 78 ng (1024-fold dilution). The modified MPS system shows a 50-fold improvement in sensitivity for detection of iron oxide MNPs when compared to our previous work (limit of detection was 4 μg) not utilizing a lock-in-based approach as shown in Figure d …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…The modified MPS system shows a 50-fold improvement in sensitivity for detection of iron oxide MNPs when compared to our previous work (limit of detection was 4 μg) not utilizing a lock-in-based approach as shown in Figure 1d. 22 3.7. One-Stage Lock-In MPS System for the Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein.…”

Section: Powermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the past decade, various MPS platform designs have been reported, such as two-AC (also called frequency mixing) and one-AC driving field methods based on how the excitation fields are applied and the surface- and liquid phase-based bioassays (based on how the MNPs are bound). ,,,− However, a common issue with all MPS systems is the presence of feedthrough signal corresponding to the driving magnetic fields, which can be orders of magnitude higher than the MNP signal and can be a limiting factor in the MPS-based bioassays. Modalities based on both active and passive cancellations for such signals have been explored. − In the present work, we report a modified version of a two-AC magnetic field-based MPS system with the addition of a one-stage lock-in scheme for passive cancellation of the feedthrough signal and improved detection sensitivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Magnetic Particle Spectroscopy with One-Stage Lock-In Implementation for Magnetic Bioassays with Improved Sensitivities

Chugh

Krishna

et al. 2021

J. Phys. Chem. C

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In recent years, magnetic particle spectroscopy (MPS) has become a highly sensitive and versatile sensing technique for quantitative bioassays. It relies on the dynamic magnetic responses of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) for the detection of target analytes in the liquid phase. There are many research studies reporting the application of MPS for detecting a variety of analytes including viruses, toxins, nucleic acids, and so forth. Herein, we report a modified version of the MPS platform with the addition of a one-stage lock-in design to remove the feedthrough signals induced by external driving magnetic fields, thus capturing only MNP responses for improved system sensitivity. This one-stage lock-in MPS system is able to detect as low as 781 ng multi-core Nanomag50 iron oxide MNPs (micromod Partikeltechnologie GmbH) and 78 ng single-core SHB30 iron oxide MNPs (Ocean NanoTech). We first demonstrated the performance of this MPS system for bioassay-related applications. Using the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein as a model, we have achieved a detection limit of 125 nM (equal to 5 pmole) for detecting spike protein molecules in the liquid phase. In addition, using a streptavidin−biotin binding system as a proof-of-concept, we show that these single-core SHB30 MNPs can be used for Brownian relaxation-based bioassays while the multi-core Nanomag50 cannot be used. The effects of MNP amount on the concentrationdependent response profiles for detecting streptavidin were also investigated. Results show that by using a lower concentration/ amount of MNPs, concentration−response curves shift to a lower concentration/amount of target analytes. This lower concentration−response indicates the possibility of improved bioassay sensitivities by using lower amounts of MNPs.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Powermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Magnetic Particle Spectroscopy with One-Stage Lock-In Implementation for Magnetic Bioassays with Improved Sensitivities

Chugh

Krishna

et al. 2021

J. Phys. Chem. C

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“…Compared with our previous work, this modified MPS system has higher detection sensitivity. 22 , 26 , 39 Thus, for the bioassays in this work, we used diluted IPG30 MNPs with the final particle concentration of 3.06 nM and weight concentration of 90 μg/mL. This feasibility attempt allows us to explore inexpensive bioassays on our MPS platform for future high-volume tests at the users’ ends and in regions with scarce medical resources.…”

Section: Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Magnetic particle spectroscopy (MPS) is one of the most promising candidates for rapid, inexpensive, and high-accuracy bioassays. 16 − 22 It is a homogeneous biosensing tool that monitors the dynamic magnetic responses of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) in the liquid phase. 23 − 26 By applying AC magnetic fields to MNPs, the magnetic moments of MNPs follow the time-varying external field directions through a combined Néel and Brownian relaxation mechanism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

One-Step, Wash-free, Nanoparticle Clustering-Based Magnetic Particle Spectroscopy Bioassay Method for Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Spike and Nucleocapsid Proteins in the Liquid Phase

Chugh

Krishna

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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With the ongoing global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), there is an increasing quest for more accessible, easy-to-use, rapid, inexpensive, and high-accuracy diagnostic tools. Traditional disease diagnostic methods such as qRT-PCR (quantitative reverse transcription-PCR) and ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) require multiple steps, trained technicians, and long turnaround time that may worsen the disease surveillance and pandemic control. In sight of this situation, a rapid, one-step, easy-to-use, and high-accuracy diagnostic platform will be valuable for future epidemic control, especially for regions with scarce medical resources. Herein, we report a magnetic particle spectroscopy (MPS) platform for the detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) biomarkers: spike and nucleocapsid proteins. This technique monitors the dynamic magnetic responses of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and uses their higher harmonics as a measure of the nanoparticles’ binding states. By anchoring polyclonal antibodies (pAbs) onto MNP surfaces, these nanoparticles function as nanoprobes to specifically bind to target analytes (SARS-CoV-2 spike and nucleocapsid proteins in this work) and form nanoparticle clusters. This binding event causes detectable changes in higher harmonics and allows for quantitative and qualitative detection of target analytes in the liquid phase. We have achieved detection limits of 1.56 nM (equivalent to 125 fmole) and 12.5 nM (equivalent to 1 pmole) for detecting SARS-CoV-2 spike and nucleocapsid proteins, respectively. This MPS platform combined with the one-step, wash-free, nanoparticle clustering-based assay method is intrinsically versatile and allows for the detection of a variety of other disease biomarkers by simply changing the surface functional groups on MNPs.

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Communicating Supraparticles to Enable Perceptual, Information‐Providing Matter

Reichstein,

Müssig,

Wintzheimer

et al. 2023

Advanced Materials

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Materials are the fundament of the physical world, whereas information and its exchange are the centerpieces of the digital world. Their fruitful synergy offers countless opportunities for realizing desired digital transformation processes in the physical world of materials. Yet, to date, a perfect connection between these worlds is missing. From the perspective, this can be achieved by overcoming the paradigm of considering materials as passive objects and turning them into perceptual, information‐providing matter. This matter is capable of communicating associated digitally stored information, for example, its origin, fate, and material type as well as its intactness on demand. Herein, the concept of realizing perceptual, information‐providing matter by integrating customizable (sub‐)micrometer‐sized communicating supraparticles (CSPs) is presented. They are assembled from individual nanoparticulate and/or (macro)molecular building blocks with spectrally differentiable signals that are either robust or stimuli‐susceptible. Their combination yields functional signal characteristics that provide an identification signature and one or multiple stimuli‐recorder features. This enables CSPs to communicate associated digital information on the tagged material and its encountered stimuli histories upon signal readout anywhere across its life cycle. Ultimately, CSPs link the materials and digital worlds with numerous use cases thereof, in particular fostering the transition into an age of sustainability.

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A Portable Magnetic Particle Spectrometer for Future Rapid and Wash-Free Bioassays

Cited by 23 publications

References 47 publications

Magnetic Particle Spectroscopy with One-Stage Lock-In Implementation for Magnetic Bioassays with Improved Sensitivities

Magnetic Particle Spectroscopy with One-Stage Lock-In Implementation for Magnetic Bioassays with Improved Sensitivities

One-Step, Wash-free, Nanoparticle Clustering-Based Magnetic Particle Spectroscopy Bioassay Method for Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Spike and Nucleocapsid Proteins in the Liquid Phase

Communicating Supraparticles to Enable Perceptual, Information‐Providing Matter

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