A portable electro‐immobilization and laparoscopy system for sex determination and gonadal biopsy in largemouth bass <i>Micropterus salmoides</i>

Matsche, Mark A.

doi:10.1111/jfb.12214

Cited by 8 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Using Largemouth Bass as a model species, we sought to determine (1) how MS-222 and electrosedation influence fish behavior (reflex impairment and swimming performance) at 5-, 30-, and 60-min intervals after sedation and (2) how long a fish should be held to permit behavioral recovery prior to release, with "recovery" defined as the demonstration of behaviors that do not differ significantly from those of nonsedated fish. Because Largemouth Bass are among the most popular recreationally angled fish species in North America (Quinn and Paukert 2009), they are often studied due to their economic and ecological importance and are thus commonly exposed to both MS-222 and electrosedation (Marking and Meyer 1985;Leitner and Isely 1994;Demers et al 1996;Matsche 2013).…”

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confidence: 99%

Comparison of the Behavioral Consequences and Recovery Patterns of Largemouth Bass Exposed to MS‐222 or Electrosedation

et al. 2017

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Fish are commonly sedated to render them immobile and thus easier to handle for research, veterinary, and aquaculture practices. Since sedation itself imposes a significant challenge on the targeted fish, the selection of sedation methods that minimize physiological and behavioral disturbance and recovery time is essential. Two popular sedation methods include the chemical tricaine methanesulfonate (MS‐222) and electrosedation. Although many studies have already investigated the physiological consequences of these methods, there is limited research examining the latent behavioral effects on fish. Using Largemouth Bass Micropterus salmoides as a model species, we compared the postsedation behaviors of fish that were sedated with either MS‐222 or electrosedation to those of a control group exposed to the same handling protocol. Immediately after sedation, fish exposed to either treatment demonstrated lower reflex scores than the control group. Time to resume regular ventilation did not differ between chemically sedated and electrosedated fish; however, electrosedated fish regained equilibrium faster (mean ± SE = 154 ± 20 s) than fish that were exposed to MS‐222 (264 ± 30 s). Locomotor activity and swimming performance were assessed at 5‐, 30‐, or 60‐min intervals, beginning after individuals had recovered from sedation sufficiently to regain equilibrium. For all postsedation intervals, locomotor activity was two times greater in the electrosedated group than in the control and MS‐222 groups. Other behavioral measures (refuge emergence time, activity level, and flight initiation distance) and swimming performance did not differ at 5, 30, or 60 min postrecovery for any of the treatment groups. Our results indicate that while both chemical and electrical sedation methods result in impairment (i.e., sedation) immediately after treatment, these behavioral effects do not persist beyond 5 min postrecovery, and the two methods have similar impacts on Largemouth Bass. However, we caution that these results cannot be extrapolated to other fish species without further study. Received September 27, 2016; accepted January 17, 2017 Published online April 3, 2017

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confidence: 99%

Comparison of the Behavioral Consequences and Recovery Patterns of Largemouth Bass Exposed to MS‐222 or Electrosedation

et al. 2017

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“…The ability to sedate fish is a valuable tool for hatchery or aquaculture settings (e.g., enumeration of fish, spawning, and transportation; Cooke et al 2004;Zydlewski et al 2008), population assessment (e.g., collection of length-weight data or sex determination; Soto and Burhanuddin 1995;Matsche 2013), and research purposes (e.g., implantation of acoustic telemetry transmitters; Wilson et al 2017). Sedation allows fishery biologists to handle fish more efficiently and safely while also reducing physical damage and stress to fish caused by handling (Summerfelt and Smith 1990).…”

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Use of Electricity to Sedate Lake Trout for Intracoelomic Implantation of Electronic Transmitters

Faust

Vandergoot

Hostnik

et al. 2017

N American J Fish Manag

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Use of telemetry data to inform fisheries conservation and management is becoming increasingly common; as such, fish typically must be sedated before surgical implantation of transmitters into the coelom. Given that no widely available, immediate‐release chemical sedative currently exists in North America, we investigated the feasibility of using electricity to sedate Lake Trout Salvelinus namaycush long enough for an experienced surgeon to implant an electronic transmitter (i.e., 180 s). Specifically, our study objectives were to determine (1) whether some combination of electrical waveform characteristics (i.e., duty cycle, frequency, voltage, and pulse type) could sedate Lake Trout for at least 180 s; and (2) whether Lake Trout that were sequentially exposed to continuous DC and pulsed DC had greater rates of spinal injury and short‐term mortality than control fish. A Portable Electrosedation System unit was used to sedate hatchery and wild Lake Trout. Dual‐frequency pulsed‐DC and two‐stage approaches successfully sedated Lake Trout and had similar induction and recovery times. Lake Trout sedated using the two‐stage approach did not have survival rates or spinal abnormalities that were significantly different from those of control fish. We concluded that electricity was a viable alternative to chemical sedatives for sedating Lake Trout before surgical implantation of an electronic transmitter, but we suggest that Lake Trout and other closely related species (e.g., Arctic Char Salvelinus alpinus) may require morphotype‐specific electrical waveforms due to their morphological diversity. Received January 28, 2017; accepted April 24, 2017 Published online June 20, 2017

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“…Such issues deter surgery as a common practice for testicular oocyte detection as they are time‐consuming and require extensive training. A simpler, nonlethal procedure of single‐entry laparoscopy pioneered by Matsche accesses the body cavity by entering the urogenital pore and perforating the wall of the urinary bladder. The minimally invasive method allows in situ visualization of the gonad and testis tissue collection via biopsy for histological assessment .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A simpler, nonlethal procedure of single‐entry laparoscopy pioneered by Matsche accesses the body cavity by entering the urogenital pore and perforating the wall of the urinary bladder. The minimally invasive method allows in situ visualization of the gonad and testis tissue collection via biopsy for histological assessment . When applied to largemouth bass ( Micropterus salmoides ) the method was effective at identifying sex in fish as small as 190 mm total length, often by viewing through the semitranslucent urinary bladder (without rupturing the tissue).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nonlethal laparoscopic detection of intersex (testicular oocytes) in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) and smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu)

MacLeod

Blazer

Matsche

et al. 2017

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Intersex in wild fish populations has received considerable attention in the scientific literature and public media. Conventional detection of testicular oocytes, the presence of immature oocytes within testis of male fish, commonly employs transverse sectioning of excised testis and is lethal. The present study used a nonlethal laparoscopic technique to collect biopsies of testis from black bass, entering the body cavity via the genital pore. Detection of testicular oocytes was compared between biopsy and conventional methods using 79 smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu) from 8 sites and 68 largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) from 4 sites. The 2 methods performed similarly at sites where testicular oocyte severity was moderate or high (6 of 8 smallmouth bass sites), whereas transverse sectioning resulted in superior testicular oocyte detection at sites where severity was low (2 of 8 smallmouth bass sites and all 4 largemouth bass sites). In smallmouth bass, testicular oocyte prevalence by transverse and biopsy methods was strongly correlated across sites (r = 0.81) and severity reported by enumeration of testicular oocytes was moderately correlated across sites (r = 0.59). Survival of a subset of largemouth bass (n = 20) to 28 d after laparoscopic surgery was 90%. The present research indicates that laparoscopy may be useful for monitoring the prevalence and severity of testicular oocytes in Micropterus species, particularly when lethal sampling is precluded. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:1924-1933. © 2016 SETAC.

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A portable electro‐immobilization and laparoscopy system for sex determination and gonadal biopsy in largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides

Cited by 8 publications

References 35 publications

Comparison of the Behavioral Consequences and Recovery Patterns of Largemouth Bass Exposed to MS‐222 or Electrosedation

Comparison of the Behavioral Consequences and Recovery Patterns of Largemouth Bass Exposed to MS‐222 or Electrosedation

Use of Electricity to Sedate Lake Trout for Intracoelomic Implantation of Electronic Transmitters

Nonlethal laparoscopic detection of intersex (testicular oocytes) in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) and smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu)

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