A Portable, Cryogen-Free Ultra-Low Temperature Cooling System Using a Continuous ADR

Shirron, Peter; DiPirro, Michael; Jirmanus, M.; Zhao, Zhibo; Shields, Bill

doi:10.1063/1.1774874

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…We are developing a commercial version of the 4-stage CADR 6 . This will use either a cryocooler or liquid helium at 4.2 K as the heat sink, and component parts similar to the 4-stage CADR developed in Reference 2.…”

Section: Continuous Adr With Cryocoolermentioning

confidence: 99%

Current status of ADR development at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center and future applications

DiPirro

Shirron

2004

Infrared Spaceborne Remote Sensing XII

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Low temperature refrigeration is an increasingly vital technology for NASA's Space Science program. Ultra-sensitive detectors for x-ray, IR and sub-millimeter missions must be cooled below 0.1 K in order to reach their fundamental limits for energy and spatial resolution. Moreover, the ability to fabricate large arrays of these detectors means the cooler must have relatively large cooling power. Infrared missions also require telescope cooling into the 4 K range. Since the lifetime requirements for these missions go well beyond what is achievable with stored cryogen systems, the low temperature coolers for future missions must be able to use cryocoolers, operating at temperatures in the 4-10 K range, for pre-cooling. There is also a demand for laboratory coolers for developing the detectors and instruments for these missions. To meet these cooling requirements, we have developed several types of adiabatic demagnetization refrigerators (ADRs): a continuous ADR (CADR) that operates continuously at temperatures of 0.035 K and above for detector cooling in space; a CADR version for laboratory use; a quick turn around ADR system for detector development; and a multistage, higher cooling power CADR for cooling telescopes.

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Section: Continuous Adr With Cryocoolermentioning

confidence: 99%

Current status of ADR development at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center and future applications

DiPirro

Shirron

2004

Infrared Spaceborne Remote Sensing XII

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“…The heat switches have a high thermal conductance in the ON state and a high thermal resistance in the OFF state. Typical applications of the heat switches include thermally connecting/disconnecting the heat source to the redundant refrigerator in a spacecraft, , precooling/separating the cooling stages in a cooler chain, , coupling/decoupling the evaporator to the heat sink in a helium sorption refrigerator, , and controlling the heat flow between the heat sink and the sorption cell in a sorption compressor. , In these situations, the heat switches’ performance dramatically affects the whole systems’ performance and sometimes even determines their feasibility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Potential of Metal–Organic Frameworks for Cryogenic Helium-Based Gas Gap Heat Switches via High-Throughput Computational Screening

Qin,

Cao

2024

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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With the advantages of a long lifetime and high reliability, gas gap heat switches (GGHSs) are attractive in many thermal management applications, especially in space-borne cryogenic systems. The performance of a GGHS is significantly affected by the adsorption characteristics of the adsorbent in the sorption pump. Compared with the commonly used adsorbent in the GGHSs (activated carbon), metal−organic frameworks (MOFs) have larger surface areas, higher pore volumes, and exceptional tunability, which motivates this study to explore their potential for application in cryogenic GGHSs. To this end, two performance metrics, the required volume of adsorbent (v sor ) and total input heat (q tot ), were computed for about 6000 MOFs via molecular simulations and compared with those of activated carbon. It is found that over 2300 MOFs possess a smaller v sor than activated carbon, and the smallest v sor of MOFs is about 12.7% of that of activated carbon. v sor and q tot generally change in the same direction, which implies it is possible to reduce both parameters simultaneously by choosing a suitable MOF. Structure− performance analysis reveals that 1/v sor consistently increases first and then decreases with pore limiting diameter, largest cavity diameter, available pore volume, accessible surface area, helium void fraction, and bulk density. Descriptor ranges corresponding to high-performing MOFs were identified based on Precision-Recall analysis. Notably, Zr-containing MOFs are particularly likely to have smaller v sor values than activated carbon. It is anticipated that the promising MOFs identified by this study will motivate further experimental investigations, and the insights into structure−performance relationships can serve to guide the rational design of novel MOF candidates for GGHSs.

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“…Basic ADRs have been successfully utilized in many laboratory and space applications requiring sub-Kelvin temperature [6][7][8][9][10][11], and multi-stage ADRs have also been developed to meet a wider range of cooling requirements [6][7][8][9][10]. Recently, magnetic refrigeration has been applied to the production of liquid helium (including its superfluid) and liquid hydrogen [2,[12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and parametric study of the convection-type stationary adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator (ADR) for hydrogen re-condensation

Park

2015

Cryogenics

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A Portable, Cryogen-Free Ultra-Low Temperature Cooling System Using a Continuous ADR

Cited by 7 publications

References 2 publications

Current status of ADR development at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center and future applications

Current status of ADR development at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center and future applications

Exploring the Potential of Metal–Organic Frameworks for Cryogenic Helium-Based Gas Gap Heat Switches via High-Throughput Computational Screening

Development and parametric study of the convection-type stationary adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator (ADR) for hydrogen re-condensation

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