A Porous Network of Bismuth Used as the Anode Material for High‐Energy‐Density Potassium‐Ion Batteries

Abstract

Potassium‐ion batteries (KIBs) are plagued by a lack of materials for reversible accommodation of the large‐sized K+ ion. Herein we present, the Bi anode in combination with the dimethoxyethane‐(DME) based electrolyte to deliver a remarkable capacity of ca. 400 mAh g−1 and long cycle stability with three distinct two‐phase reactions of Bi↔ KBi2↔K3Bi2↔K3Bi. These are ascribed to the gradually developed three‐dimensional (3D) porous networks of Bi, which realizes fast kinetics and tolerance of its volume change during potassiation and depotassiation. The porosity is linked to the unprecedented movement of the surface Bi atoms interacting with DME molecules, as suggested by DFT calculations. A full KIB of Bi//DME‐based electrolyte//Prussian blue of K0.72Fe[Fe(CN)6] is demonstrated to present large energy density of 108.1 Wh kg−1 with average discharge voltage of 2.8 V and capacity retention of 86.5 % after 350 cycles.

Sodium/Potassium‐Ion Batteries: Boosting the Rate Capability and Cycle Life by Combining Morphology, Defect and Structure Engineering

“…This outperforms other carbon‐based anodes reported so far for SIBs in the literature (Figure d) . Table S1 in the Supporting Information compares the cycle life and stability of the N‐CNS electrode with other carbon‐based electrodes from the literature . One can see that the N‐CNS electrode shows the best cycling stability for SIBs compared to other carbon‐based ones.…”

K‐Birnessite Electrode Obtained by Ion Exchange for Potassium‐Ion Batteries: Insight into the Concerted Ionic Diffusion and K Storage Mechanism

“…[3] Owing to the low-cost [4] and low standard potential [5] of potassium (K), KIBs could in principle offer cost-effectiveness and higher energy density, which would lead to a substantial advance in energy storage technology. [3] Owing to the low-cost [4] and low standard potential [5] of potassium (K), KIBs could in principle offer cost-effectiveness and higher energy density, which would lead to a substantial advance in energy storage technology.…”

“…[3] Owing to the low-cost [4] and low standard potential [5] of potassium (K), KIBs could in principle offer cost-effectiveness and higher energy density, which would lead to a substantial advance in energy storage technology. [4,9] Based on these advantages, many investigations on the available anode materials for KIBs, such as carbonaceous materials, [8a,10] oxides, [11] sulfides, [12] organic materials, [13] alloy, [5] prussian blue analogues, [14] etc., have been reported continuously in the past few decades, [2a,15] however, fewer studies are devoted to the development of cathode. [6] Then compared with Na-ion battery (NIB), a huge advantage lies in the application of graphite anode for KIB, [7] which is not feasible for Na + insertion into the graphite.…”

Nature of Bimetallic Oxide Sb2MoO6/rGO Anode for High‐Performance Potassium‐Ion Batteries

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markets of electric vehicles and grid-level energy storage systems, in addition to an uneven distribution of lithium resources as well as the relatively high cost of lithiumion batteries (LIBs). [12][13][14][15][16] Therefore, searching for the high performance KIBs anode (a critical component of KIBs) to alleviate the dramatic volume change is highly demanded to build high performance KIBs.Besides the carbonaceous anodes (graphite, soft carbon, hard carbon, etc.) However, in comparison with the smaller lithium ions (a radius of 0.76 Å), the large-sized potassium ions (a radius of 1.38 Å) could arouse a severe volume change of the electrode material during charge/discharge, seriously weakening the electrode stability and resulting in an unsatisfied battery performance.

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