A Population of Multipotent CD34-Positive Adipose Stromal Cells Share Pericyte and Mesenchymal Surface Markers, Reside in a Periendothelial Location, and Stabilize Endothelial Networks

Abstract

Abstract-It has been shown that stromal-vascular fraction isolated from adipose tissues contains an abundance of CD34 ϩ cells. Histological analysis of adipose tissue revealed that CD34 ϩ cells are widely distributed among adipocytes and are predominantly associated with vascular structures. The majority of CD34 ϩ cells from freshly isolated stromal-vascular fraction were CD31 Ϫ /CD144 Ϫ and could be separated from a distinct population of CD34 ϩ /CD31 ϩ /CD144 ϩ (endothelial) cells by differential attachment on uncoated plastic. The localization of CD34 ϩ cells within adipose tissue suggested that the nonendothelial population of these cells occupied a pericytic position. Analysis of surface and intracellular markers of the freshly isolated CD34 ϩ /CD31 Ϫ /CD144 Ϫ adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs) showed that Ͼ90% coexpress mesenchymal (CD10, CD13, and CD90), pericytic (chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan, CD140a, and CD140b), and smooth muscle (␣-actin, caldesmon, and calponin) markers. ASCs demonstrated polygonal self-assembly on Matrigel, as did human microvascular endothelial cells. Coculture of ASCs with human microvascular endothelial cells on Matrigel led to cooperative network assembly, with enhanced stability of endothelial networks and preferential localization of ASCs on the abluminal side of cords. Bidirectional paracrine interaction between these cells was supported by identification of angiogenic factors (vascular endothelial growth factor, hepatocyte growth factor, basic fibroblast growth factor), inflammatory factors (interleukin-6 and -8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and -2), and mobilization factors (macrophage colony-stimulating factor and granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor) in media conditioned by CD34 ϩ ASCs, as well a robust mitogenic response of ASCs to basic fibroblast growth factor, epidermal growth factor, and platelet-derived growth factor-BB, factors produced by endothelial cells. These results demonstrate for the first time that the majority of adipose-derived adherent CD34

Concise Review: Adipose-Derived Stromal Vascular Fraction Cells and Stem Cells: Let's Not Get Lost in Translation

“…Some have used the protein Pref1, first identified on murine 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, as a putative ASC marker [24]. Others have reported the use of pericytic markers such as plateletderived growth factor receptor b and 3G5 [23,[25][26][27][28]. Finally, combinatorial phage display approaches have associated the presence of a 5 b 1 integrin with ASCs [29].…”

Phenotypic Characterization and In Vivo Localization of Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells

“…Many types of primitive cells in the vascular wall may share morphological properties or immunophenotypic markers (Klein et al, 2010;Majesky et al, 2011a;2011b;Pacilli et al, 2009;Traktuev et al, 2008;Zimmerlin et al, 2010). These different types of resident progenitor cells include he-mangiblasts, bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitors, vascular wall resident endothelial progenitors, vascular wall resident smooth muscle progenitors, and vascular wall resident mesenchymal stromal cells.…”

Phenotypes of stem cells from diverse origin

“…Therefore, we asked all authors to revisit the table and upgrade their part either by own data or based on additional literature, as necessary. This resulted in the upgraded Table 1 showing phenotypes of very small embryonic-like stem cells (vSELs) (5,6), neural stem cells (NSCs) (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16), hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) from two organs (4,17), MSCs (4,18), EpSC (4), limbal epithelial stem cells (LSCs) (19), endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) from different organs (3,4,(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25), supra-adventitial adipose stromal cells (SA-ASCs) (3,(22)(23)(24)(25), adipose pericytes (pericyte) (3,(22)(23)(24)(25), and finally cancer stem cells (CSCs) (26).…”

“…VI (4) VII (19) VIII (20,21) IX (3,(22)(23)(24)(25) X (4) XI (3,(22)(23)(24)(25) XII (3,(22)(23)(24)(25) XIII ( (17) IV (4) V (4,18) VI (4) VII (19) VIII (20,21) IX (3,(22)(23)(24)(25) X (4) XI (3,(22)(23)(24)(25) XII (3,(22)(23)(24)(25) XIII (26) RHAMM/HMMR marker expression in the same stem cell lineage obtained from various tissues may indicate differences in their pluripotency. It is also possible that stem cell marker expression pattern and levels depend on respective cell cycle phases.…”