A poor and delayed anti-SARS-CoV2 IgG response is associated to severe COVID-19 in children

Sananez, Inés; Raiden, Silvina; Algieri, Silvia; Uranga, Macarena; Grisolía, Nicolás A.; Filippo, Daniela; Carli, Norberto De; Lalla, Sandra Di; Cairoli, Héctor; Chiolo, María J.; Meregalli, Claudia; Cohen, Emilia; Mosquera, Graciela; Pont, María Marcó del; Giménez, Lorena I.; Gregorio, Gabriela; Sarli, Mariam; Alcalde, Ana L.; Davenport, Carolina; Bruera, María José; Simaz, Nancy; Pérez, Mariela Fernanda; Nivela, Valeria; Bayle, Carola; Álvarez, Laura Silvana; Revetria, María; Tuccillo, Patricia; Agosta, María Temis; Perez, Hernan A; Nova, Susana Villa; Suárez, Patricia; Takata, Eugenia M.; García, Mariela; Lattner, Jorge; Rolón, María José; Coll, Patricia; Salvatori, Melina; Piccardo, Claudio; Russo, Constanza; Varese, Augusto; Seery, Vanesa; Holgado, María Pía; Polo, María L.; Ceballos, Ana; Núñez, Myriam; Penedo, Juan Martín Gómez; Ferrero, Fernando; Geffner, Jorge; Arruvito, Lourdes

doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103615

Cited by 21 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…On the other hand, it has been hypothesized that not all children infected with SARS-CoV-2 develop detectable antibody titers, and antibodies may quickly be volatile. In a cohort including 138 previously infected children, 25% showed a seronegative status for anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM and/or IgG antibodies one month after the infection [ 26 ]. Moreover, previous studies on the topic have shown how antibodies titers are lower in children compared to adults [ 25 , 27 ], and especially in younger children when compared to adolescents [ 28 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolution of SARS-CoV-2 IgG Seroprevalence in Children and Factors Associated with Seroconversion: Results from a Multiple Time-Points Study in Friuli-Venezia Giulia Region, Italy

et al. 2022

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Data on the effective burden of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in the pediatric population are limited. We aimed at assessing the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in children at three subsequent time-points. The study was conducted between January 2021 and July 2021 among children referring to the Research Institute for Maternal and Child Health “Burlo Garofolo” in Trieste, a referral regional hospital in Friuli Venezia Giulia, Italy. A multivariate analysis was conducted to assess factors independently associated with seroconversion. A total of 594 children were included. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 trimeric Spike protein IgG antibodies were found in 32 (15.4%) children tested in April-May and in 20 (11.8%) in June–July 2021, compared with 24 (11.1%) of those tested in January–February 2021 (p = 0.37, Armitage exact test for trend over time p = 0.76). A subgroup analysis and a multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed considering sociodemographic, clinical, and historical variables. Three categories of children showed statistically significant increased odds of positive anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies: children previously positive to a nasopharyngeal swab (AdjOR 15.41, 95%CI 3.44–69.04, p < 0.001), cohabitant with a person with an history of a previous positive nasopharyngeal swab (AdjOR 9.95, 95%CI 5.35–18.52, p < 0.001), and children with a foreign citizenship (AdjOR 2.4, 95%CI 1.05–5.70, p = 0.002). The study suggests that seroprevalence studies may be of limited help in estimating the prevalence of the COVID-19 pandemic in children. Further studies are needed to identify other markers of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection in children, such as CD4+ T cells or memory B-cells.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, the observation of a higher antibody binding avidity in children compared to young adults seems to prove the effectiveness of their immune response [ 29 ]. Interestingly, a weak and delayed antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 has been associated with severe COVID-19 in children [ 26 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of SARS-CoV-2 IgG Seroprevalence in Children and Factors Associated with Seroconversion: Results from a Multiple Time-Points Study in Friuli-Venezia Giulia Region, Italy

et al. 2022

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“…The average age is 9 years and about 60% of those diagnosed are males. Worldwide reports [13][14][15] and those from Israel [6] indicate that the vast majority of patients with MIS-C do not have any background disease (including obesity).…”

Section: Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome In Children (Mis-c)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Burden of COVID-19 in Children and Its Prevention by Vaccination: A Joint Statement of the Israeli Pediatric Association and the Israeli Society for Pediatric Infectious Diseases

et al. 2022

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As of October 2021, SARS-CoV-2 infections were reported among 512,613 children and adolescents in Israel (~33% of all COVID-19 cases). The 5–11-year age group accounted for about 43% (223,850) of affected children and adolescents. In light of the availability of the Pfizer-BioNTech BNT162b2 vaccine against COVID-19 for children aged 5–11 years, we aimed to write a position paper for pediatricians, policymakers and families regarding the clinical aspects of COVID-19 and the vaccination of children against COVID-19. The first objective of this review was to describe the diverse facets of the burden of COVID-19 in children, including the direct effects of hospitalization during the acute phase of the disease, multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children, long COVID and the indirect effects of social isolation and interruption in education. In addition, we aimed to provide an update regarding the efficacy and safety of childhood mRNA COVID-19 vaccination and to instill confidence in pediatricians regarding the benefits of vaccinating children against COVID-19. We reviewed up-to-date Israeli and international epidemiological data and literature regarding COVID-19 morbidity and its sequelae in children, vaccine efficacy in reducing COVID-19-related morbidity and SARS-CoV-2 transmission and vaccine safety data. We conducted a risk–benefit analysis regarding the vaccination of children and adolescents. We concluded that vaccines are safe and effective and are recommended for all children aged 5 to 11 years to protect them from COVID-19 and its complications and to reduce community transmissions. Based on these data, after weighing the benefits of vaccination versus the harm, the Israeli Ministry of Health decided to recommend vaccination for children aged 5–11 years.

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“…We have previously reported that children with severe COVID-19 display a weaker and delayed kinetic of antibody response compared with those with asymptomatic or mild disease. 12 Three recent studies have analysed the persistence of the antibodies in children after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Garrido and coworkers 13 reported a robust IgM, IgG and IgA antibody response to a broad array of SARS-CoV-2 antigens in children with asymptomatic or mild disease for at least 4 months post infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibody response against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern in children infected with pre-Omicron variants: An observational cohort study

Seery¹,

Raiden²,

Russo³

et al. 2022

eBioMedicine

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A poor and delayed anti-SARS-CoV2 IgG response is associated to severe COVID-19 in children

Cited by 21 publications

References 36 publications

Evolution of SARS-CoV-2 IgG Seroprevalence in Children and Factors Associated with Seroconversion: Results from a Multiple Time-Points Study in Friuli-Venezia Giulia Region, Italy

Evolution of SARS-CoV-2 IgG Seroprevalence in Children and Factors Associated with Seroconversion: Results from a Multiple Time-Points Study in Friuli-Venezia Giulia Region, Italy

The Burden of COVID-19 in Children and Its Prevention by Vaccination: A Joint Statement of the Israeli Pediatric Association and the Israeli Society for Pediatric Infectious Diseases

Antibody response against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern in children infected with pre-Omicron variants: An observational cohort study

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