A Polyurethane Organic Framework for Flexible Al–Air Batteries

Abstract

Flexible Al–air batteries with hydrogels are regarded as a promising power source owing to their high specific capacity, their high ionic conductivity, and having no leakage. However, the mechanical properties of the hydrogels remain unresolved. Here, we present a polyurethane organic framework (POF) employing a polyurethane skeleton as an internal support for poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) hydrogel, where the POF can exhibit high strength and toughness, and an Al–air battery using the POF can output good electrochemical properties. The results demonstrate that the tensile stress of 30 ppi POF is 49.5 kPa owing to the stress-transfer mechanism, while that of PAA is only 3.1 kPa. Compared to that of the PAA hydrogel, the discharging capacity of Al–air batteries with 20 ppi POF can be increased by 79 mAh cm–2 at a current density of 1 mA cm–2, which can be attributed to corrosion inhibition and the surface roughness change of the POF during the discharging process. This work will deliver a selectable strategy for a trade-off between mechanical and electrochemical properties.

Self-assembly of an amino acid derivative as an anode interface layer for advanced alkaline Al–air batteries

“…6 This phenomenon leads to an increase in waste generation, thereby negatively influencing the Al–air battery performance and anode utilization. Various regulatory approaches have been suggested to address this problem, including anodic alloying, 7–9 electrolyte additives, 10,11 microfluidic channels, 12,13 gel polymer electrolytes, 14,15 and oil displacement. 16 Among these methods, the use of suitable electrolyte additives is favoured thanks to their ease of operation and lower-cost.…”

Highly efficient Fe–Cu dual-site nanoparticles supported on black pearls 2000 (carbon black) as oxygen reduction reaction catalysts for Al–air batteries

“…With signicant improvements in the specic energy of Alair batteries, the rst battery-powered car appeared in the United States in the 1990s. 1,2 In 2015, Alcoa and Israel-based Phinergy set the world record of 1600 kilometers for a racecar equipped with a 100 kilogram Al-air battery at Circuit Gilles Villeneuve in Montreal. In 2016, electric vehicles powered with the same weight of Al-air batteries covered more than 3000 kilometers.…”

A Prussian‐Blue Bifunctional Interface Membrane for Enhanced Flexible Al–Air Batteries

“…Furthermore, the battery using CoNi@NCNTs/CC cathode demonstrated a high voltage level of 1.609 V and excellent battery flexibility. Zhang et al [25] designed a polyurethane organic framework (POF) as the internal support of polyacrylic acid (PAA) hydrogel electrolyte for flexible Al-air battery. The tensile stress of 30 ppi POF hydrogel was as high as 49.5 kPa due to the pressure transfer mechanism, which was significantly >3.1 kPa of conventional hydrogel, suggesting flexible Al-air battery using 30 ppi POF hydrogel could achieve a larger bending angle.…”