A polypyrrole-biotin based biosensor: elaboration and characterization

Electrically Controlled Drug Delivery from Biotin‐Doped Conductive Polypyrrole

“…Other groups have chemically modified the PPy monomer to attach a biotin molecule, making it a part of the PPy backbone. [18][19][20] This approach is ideal for sensor applications, [21,22] which benefit from this strong covalent attachment, but we have shown that a weaker electrostatic attachment provides a novel approach for drug delivery. By incorporating biotin as a dopant, electrical stimulation results in reduction of the PPy backbone, which is believed to trigger the release of the biotin and the attached payload.…”

Biosensors from conjugated polyelectrolyte complexes

“…The coupling of a recognition event to photoinduced electron transfer or a change in the electronic structure of the conjugated polymer produces changes in the luminescence, UV-visible absorption, or redox potential of the polymer (4, 5). Extensive research has been carried out by using conjugated polymers (derivatives of polydiacetylene, electrochemically polymerized polypyrrole, or polythiophene) as chromic (16)(17)(18)(19) or electrochemical (20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(28)(29)(30)(31) biosensors. However, the relatively low sensitivity of UV-visible absorption measurements, the complex electrochemical instrumentation required, and the nonspecific interactions between biomolecules and conjugated polymers have prevented practical and general use.…”

“…As a result of this sensitivity, conjugated polymers are promising as sensory materials (4,5); sensing may be accomplished by transducing and͞or amplifying physical or chemical changes into electrical, optical, or electrochemical signals. Conjugated polymers have been used to detect chemical species (chemosensors) (6), such as ions (7)(8)(9)(10)(11), gases (for example, trinitrotoluene) (6,(12)(13)(14), and other chemicals (15), or biomolecules such as proteins, antibodies (16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27), and DNA (28-31), using electrical (13,15), chromic (7,8,(16)(17)(18)(19), electrochemical (7-9, 20-25, 28-31), photoluminescent (11,26), chemoluminescent (27), or gravimetric (14) responses.…”

“…Biosensors based on conjugated polymers as sensory materials exhibit real-time response [electrochemical (20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25) or optical (16)(17)(18)(19)26)] to the ligand-receptor recognition event. The coupling of a recognition event to photoinduced electron transfer or a change in the electronic structure of the conjugated polymer produces changes in the luminescence, UV-visible absorption, or redox potential of the polymer (4,5).…”

Biotinylated Polypyrrole Modified Quartz Crystal Microbalance for the Fast and Reagentless Determination of Avidin Concentration

“…Moreover, the modification of quartz electrodes by electropolymerized conducting polymers was currently employed to investigate deposition and doping processes by QCM [18]. In the same vein, the electrochemical functionalization of quartz electrodes by biotinylated conducting polymers may provide a novel class of gravimetric biosensors [10,19].…”