A Point Mutation of Magnesium Chelatase OsCHLI Gene Dampens the Interaction Between CHLI and CHLD Subunits in Rice

Zhang, Huan; Liu, Linglong; Cai, Maohong; Zhu, Shanyuan; Zhao, Jieyu; Zheng, Tianhui; Xu, Xiaoyong; Zeng, Zhaoqiong; Niu, Jing; Jiang, Ling; Chen, Saihua; Wan, Jianmin

doi:10.1007/s11105-015-0889-3

Cited by 43 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Among the 14 samples, the APA profile in 60‐day‐old leaf of indica exhibited dramatic differences from japonica (Figures a and a–c). In 60‐day‐old leaf, four genes with 3′ UTR APA site‐switching events were overrepresented in the pathway of porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism (Table S5), which has a strong effect on chlorophyll content and photosynthesis in rice (Zhang et al ., , ; Kusaba et al ., ; Sato et al ., ; Kong et al ., ). Among them, two genes exhibiting 3′ UTR shortening in indica , chlorina‐9 ( Chl9 ) and yellow‐green leaf 8 ( YGL8 ; validated by qRT‐PCR in Figure S19a,c), had significantly higher expression levels than those in japonica (Figure a,c, Table S8).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, the most noticeable change in APA was observed in the pathway of porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism, where Chl9 and YGL8 exhibited 3′ UTR shortening and high expression in indica compared with japonica (Figure a,c). Both genes encode the key catalytic subunit of two essential enzymes for chlorophyll biosynthesis and chloroplast development, and their enhanced expression can promote the chlorophyll content and photosynthetic efficiency in rice (Zhang et al ., , ; Kong et al ., ). Correspondingly, in indica , the chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate in 60‐day‐old leaf were significantly higher than in japonica (Figure e,f).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differential alternative polyadenylation contributes to the developmental divergence between two rice subspecies, japonica and indica

Zhou

Yang

et al. 2019

The Plant Journal

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Alternative polyadenylation (APA) is a widespread post-transcriptional mechanism that regulates gene expression through mRNA metabolism, playing a pivotal role in modulating phenotypic traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.). However, little is known about the APA-mediated regulation underlying the distinct characteristics between two major rice subspecies, indica and japonica. Using a poly(A)-tag sequencing approach, polyadenylation (poly(A)) site profiles were investigated and compared pairwise from germination to the mature stage between indica and japonica, and extensive differentiation in APA profiles was detected genome-wide. Genes with subspecies-specific poly(A) sites were found to contribute to subspecies characteristics, particularly in disease resistance of indica and cold-stress tolerance of japonica. In most tissues, differential usage of APA sites exhibited an apparent impact on the gene expression profiles between subspecies, and genes with those APA sites were significantly enriched in quantitative trait loci (QTL) related to yield traits, such as spikelet number and 1000-seed weight. In leaves of the booting stage, APA site-switching genes displayed global shortening of 3 0 untranslated regions with increased expression in indica compared with japonica, and they were overrepresented in the porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism pathways. This phenomenon may lead to a higher chlorophyll content and photosynthesis in indica than in japonica, being associated with their differential growth rates and yield potentials. We further constructed an online resource for querying and visualizing the poly(A) atlas in these two rice subspecies. Our results suggest that APA may be largely involved in developmental differentiations between two rice subspecies, especially in leaf characteristics and the stress response, broadening our knowledge of the post-transcriptional genetic basis underlying the divergence of rice traits.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential alternative polyadenylation contributes to the developmental divergence between two rice subspecies, japonica and indica

Zhou

Yang

et al. 2019

The Plant Journal

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“…AtECB1, which interacts with TRXz and FSD3, regulates plastid gene expression and chloroplast development (Yua et al ). In rice, OsTRXz interacts with OsCHLI (subunit I of magnesium chelatase), which catalyzes the first committed step of chlorophyll biosynthesis (Zhang et al ). TCD5/TSV protects rice chloroplasts from cold stress by interacting with OsTRXz (Wang et al ; Sun et al ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

FRUCTOKINASE‐LIKE PROTEIN 1 interacts with TRXz to regulate chloroplast development in rice

Zhang

Qiu

et al. 2018

JIPB

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Chloroplast genes are transcribed by the plastid-encoded RNA polymerase (PEP) or nucleus-encoded RNA polymerase. FRUCTOKINASE-LIKE PROTEINS (FLNs) are phosphofructokinase-B (PfkB)-type carbohydrate kinases that act as part of the PEP complex; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying FLN activity in rice remain elusive. Previously, we identified and characterized a heat-stress sensitive albino (hsa1) mutant in rice. Map-based cloning revealed that HSA1 encodes a putative OsFLN2. Here, we further demonstrated that knockdown or knockout of the OsFLN1, a close homolog of HSA1/OsFLN2, considerably inhibits chloroplast biogenesis and the fln1 knockout mutants, created by clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and CRISPR-associate protein 9, exhibit severe albino phenotype and seedling lethality. Moreover, OsFLN1 localizes to the chloroplast. Yeast two-hybrid, pull-down and bimolecular fluorescence complementation experiments revealed that OsFLN1 and HSA1/OsFLN2 interact with THIOREDOXINZ (OsTRXz) to regulate chloroplast development. In agreement with this, knockout of OsTRXz resulted in a similar albino and seedling lethality phenotype to that of the fln1 mutants. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunoblot analysis revealed that the transcription and translation of PEP-dependent genes were strongly inhibited in fln1 and trxz mutants, indicating that loss of OsFLN1, HSA1/OsFLN2, or OsTRXz function perturbs the stability of the transcriptionally active chromosome complex and PEP activity. These results show that OsFLN1 and HSA1/OsFLN2 contribute to chloroplast biogenesis and plant growth.

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“…Mutations to any of these genes may reduce or even eliminate chlorophyll biosynthesis, leading to leaf color changes (Liu et al, 2007, 2016; Yoo et al, 2009; Tian et al, 2013; Wang et al, 2014; Zhang et al, 2015; Yang et al, 2016). Through gene mapping and additional studies, the mutant gene responsible for the xantha marker trait of HYB was identified as a mutated OsGUN4 ( genomes uncoupled 4 ) (Chi et al, 2010; Li et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The xantha Marker Trait Is Associated with Altered Tetrapyrrole Biosynthesis and Deregulated Transcription of PhANGs in Rice

Jiang

Liu

et al. 2017

Front. Plant Sci.

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The xantha marker trait, which is controlled by a down-regulating epi-mutation of OsGUN4, has been applied to the production of hybrid rice. However, the molecular basis for the ability of xantha mutants to attain high photosynthetic capacity even with decreased chlorophyll contents has not been characterized. In the present study, we observed that the total chlorophyll content of the xantha mutant was only 27.2% of that of the wild-type (WT) plants. However, the xantha mutant still accumulated 59.9% of the WT δ-aminolevulinic acid content, 72.8% of the WT Mg-protoporphyrin IX content, and 63.0% of the WT protochlorophyllide a content. Additionally, the protoporphyrin IX and heme contents in the mutant increased to 155.0 and 160.0%, respectively, of the WT levels. A search for homologs resulted in the identification of 124 rice genes involved in tetrapyrrole biosynthesis and photosynthesis. With the exception of OsGUN4, OsHO-1, and OsHO-2, the expression levels of the genes involved in tetrapyrrole biosynthesis were significantly higher in the xantha mutant than in the WT plants, as were all 72 photosynthesis-associated nuclear genes. In contrast, there were no differences between the xantha mutant and WT plants regarding the expression of all 22 photosynthesis-associated chloroplast genes. Furthermore, the abundance of 1O2 and the expression levels of 1O2-related genes were lower in the xantha mutant than in the WT plants, indicating 1O2-mediated retrograde signaling was repressed in the mutant plants. These results suggested that the abundance of protoporphyrin IX used for chlorophyll synthesis decreased in the mutant, which ultimately decreased the amount of chlorophyll in the xantha mutant. Additionally, the up-regulated expression of photosynthesis-associated nuclear genes enabled the mutant to attain a high photosynthetic capacity. Our findings confirm that OsGUN4 plays an important role in tetrapyrrole biosynthesis and photosynthesis in rice. GUN4, chlorophyll synthesis pathways, and photosynthetic activities are highly conserved in plants and hence, novel traits (e.g., xantha marker trait) may be generated in other cereal crops by modifying the GUN4 gene.

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A Point Mutation of Magnesium Chelatase OsCHLI Gene Dampens the Interaction Between CHLI and CHLD Subunits in Rice

Cited by 43 publications

References 52 publications

Differential alternative polyadenylation contributes to the developmental divergence between two rice subspecies, japonica and indica

Differential alternative polyadenylation contributes to the developmental divergence between two rice subspecies, japonica and indica

FRUCTOKINASE‐LIKE PROTEIN 1 interacts with TRXz to regulate chloroplast development in rice

The xantha Marker Trait Is Associated with Altered Tetrapyrrole Biosynthesis and Deregulated Transcription of PhANGs in Rice

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