A pneumo-virulent United States isolate of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus induces apoptosis in bystander cells both in vitro and in vivo.

Sirinarumitr, Theerapol; Zhang, Yan‐Jin; Kluge, John P.; Halbur, Patrick G.; Paul, P. S.

doi:10.1099/0022-1317-79-12-2989

Cited by 91 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Apoptosis occurred both in virus-infected and in non-infected cells. Most apoptotic cells were noninfected, which is in agreement with previous studies [7,24,27].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…On a morphological basis, the apoptotic cells are assumed to be alveolar and pulmonary intravascular macrophages and mononuclear cells in the alveolar septa. Doublelabelling experiments indicate that most apoptotic cells are non-infected [24,27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Recently, it has been demonstrated that the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) induces apoptosis in the lungs [7,17,24,27]. On a morphological basis, the apoptotic cells are assumed to be alveolar and pulmonary intravascular macrophages and mononuclear cells in the alveolar septa.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Apoptosis in the lungs of pigs infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and associations with the production of apoptogenic cytokines

et al. 2003

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-Apoptosis was studied in the lungs of pigs during an infection with a European strain of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and it was examined if cytokines were involved in the induction of apoptosis. Twenty-two 4-to 5-week-old gnotobiotic pigs were inoculated intranasally with 10 6.0 TCID 50 of the Lelystad virus and euthanised between 1 and 52 days post inoculation (PI). The lungs and broncho-alveolar lavage (BAL) cells were assessed both for virus replication and apoptosis; BAL fluids were examined for interleukin (IL)-1, tumour necrosis factor-alpha and IL-10. Double-labellings were conducted to determine the relation between virus replication and apoptosis and to identify the apoptotic cells. Apoptosis occurred in both infected and non-infected cells. The percentages of infected cells, which were apoptotic, ranged between 9 and 39% in the lungs and between 13 and 30% in the BAL cells. The majority of apoptotic cells were non-infected. Non-infected apoptotic cells in the lungs were predominantly monocytes/macrophages, whereas those in the broncho-alveolar spaces were predominantly lymphocytes. The peak of apoptosis in the lungs at 14 days PI was preceded by a peak of IL-1 and IL-10 production at 9 days PI, suggesting a possible role of these cytokines in the induction of apoptosis in non-infected interstitial monocytes/macrophages. However, the latter hypothesis was not confirmed in vitro, since blood monocytes or alveolar macrophages did not undergo apoptosis after treatment with recombinant porcine IL-1 or IL-10. pig / lung / porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus / apoptosis / cytokine

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“…Apoptosis occurred both in virus-infected and in non-infected cells. Most apoptotic cells were noninfected, which is in agreement with previous studies [7,24,27].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Apoptosis in the lungs of pigs infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and associations with the production of apoptogenic cytokines

et al. 2003

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“…The bystander mechanism suggested in 1997 by Sur et al, was confirmed in 1998 by the same author and others [45,49].…”

Section: Prrsv Is An Apoptotic Inductor Virussupporting

confidence: 61%

“…These results of in vitro apoptosis induction of PRRSV have since been corroborated in vivo by different authors [45,48,49].…”

Section: Prrsv Is An Apoptotic Inductor Virusmentioning

confidence: 52%

Article

Suárez¹

2000

Vet. Res.

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-Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) was first isolated in swine alveolar macrophages (SAMs) and has subsequently been reported to replicate in other cell lines. Entry of the virus inside the cell takes place by receptor-mediated endocytosis. Following the entry of the virus into the cell, several not completely understood changes take place. PRRSV has been reported to be an apoptotic-inductor virus both in vivo and in vitro. Interestingly, it has been suggested that PRRSV-induced apoptosis occurs in cells other than those in which PRRSV replicates by a bystander mechanism. In this paper the ultrastructural pathogenesis of PRRSV will be reviewed. PRRSV / apoptosis / cell pathogenesisRésumé -Pathogenèse liée à l'ultrastructure du virus du syndrome dysgénésique et respiratoire porcin. Le virus du syndrome dysgénésique et respiratoire porcin (PRRSV) a été isolé pour la première fois dans des macrophages alvéolaires porcins (MAP), puis sa réplication a été mise en évidence dans d'autres lignées cellulaires. L'entrée du virus dans la cellule se produit par endocytose, par l'intermédiaire d'un récepteur. Des changements qui ne sont pas encore bien compris se produisent suite à cette pénétration. Le PRRSV a été considéré comme inducteur d'apoptose, à la fois in vivo et in vitro. Il a été suggéré que l'apoptose induite par le PRRSV se produit dans les cellules autres que celles dans lesquelles PRRSV se réplique, par un mécanisme d'action indirect et à distance. La pathogenèse ultrastructurale du PRRSV est le sujet de la présente synthèse.syndrome dysgénésique et respiratoire porcin / virus / apoptose / pathogenèse cellulaire

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Characteristics of the Cell‐Mediated Immune Response of Swine to Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus

Meier¹,

Galeota²,

Husmann³

et al. 2002

Trends in Emerging Viral Infections of Swine

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A pneumo-virulent United States isolate of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus induces apoptosis in bystander cells both in vitro and in vivo.

Cited by 91 publications

References 29 publications

Apoptosis in the lungs of pigs infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and associations with the production of apoptogenic cytokines

Apoptosis in the lungs of pigs infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and associations with the production of apoptogenic cytokines

Article

Characteristics of the Cell‐Mediated Immune Response of Swine to Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus

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