A Plea for the Need to Investigate the Health Effects of Gig-Economy

Sterrantino, Anna Freni; Salerno, Vincenzo

doi:10.3389/fpubh.2021.638767

Cited by 28 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Our results suggest that women and men present different associations with different epigenetic distributions regarding work-related stress indicators. We advocate for further studies to be carried out for detailed patterns in different types of jobs [ 59 ] and in different societies as well as using measurements that target the longitudinal effects of the work environment and employment histories on stress and health and that account for gender differences.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Work-related stress and well-being in association with epigenetic age acceleration: A Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 Study

Sterrantino

Fiorito

d’Errico

et al. 2022

Aging

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Recent evidence indicates consistent association of low socioeconomic status with epigenetic age acceleration, measured from DNA methylation. As work characteristics and job stressors are crucial components of socioeconomic status, we investigated their association with various measures of epigenetic age acceleration. The study population included employed and unemployed men and women (n=604) from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966. We investigated the association of job strain, effort-reward imbalance and work characteristics with five biomarkers of epigenetic aging (Hannum, Horvath, PhenoAge, GrimAge, and DunedinPoAm). Our results indicate few significant associations between work stress indicators and epigenetic age acceleration, limited to a range of ±2 years, and smoking recording the highest effect on GrimAge age acceleration biomarker between current and no smokers (median difference 4.73 years (IQR 1.18, 8.41). PhenoAgeAA was associated with job strain active work (β=-1.301 95%CI -2.391, -0.212), slowing aging of less than 1.5 years, and working as white-collar slowed aging six months (GrimAgeAA β=-0.683, 95%CI -1.264, -0.102) when compared to blue collars. Association was found for working for more than 40 hours per week that increased the aging over 1.5 years, (HorvathAA β =2.058 95%CI 0.517,3.599, HannumAA β=1.567, 95%CI 0.415,2.719). The pattern of associations was different between women and men and some of the estimated effects are inconsistent with current literature. Our results provide the first evidence of association of work conditions with epigenetic aging biomarkers. However, further epidemiological research is needed to fully understand how work-related stress affects epigenetic age acceleration in men and women in different societies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We advocate for further studies to be carried out for detailed patterns in different types of jobs [59] and in different societies as well as using measurements that target the longitudinal effects of the work environment and employment histories on stress and health and that account for gender differences.…”

Section: Sensitivity Analysis: Sex-stratifiedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Work-related stress and well-being in association with epigenetic age acceleration: A Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 Study

Sterrantino

Fiorito

d’Errico

et al. 2022

Aging

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“…While our sample represents a large fraction of the French labour market, people who were selfemployed are under-represented because of the sample strategy. Since this group of workers is likely to have less continuous and more insecure careers (eg, due to the expansion of independent contracting 41 and the gig economy 42 ), the strength of associations observed in our study may be underestimated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Adverse employment histories and allostatic load: associations over the working life

Wahrendorf

Chandola

Goldberg

et al. 2021

J Epidemiol Community Health

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BackgroundMost studies on the health impact of occupational stress use single-point measures of stress at work. This study analyses the associations of properties of entire employment trajectories over an extended time period with a composite score of allostatic load (AL).MethodsData come from the French CONSTANCES cohort, with information on adverse employment histories between ages 25 and 45 and a composite score of AL (based on 10 biomarkers, range 0–10) among people aged 45 or older (47 680 women and 45 035 men). Data were collected by questionnaires (including retrospective employment histories) or by health examinations (including blood-based biomarkers). We distinguish six career characteristics: number of temporary jobs, number of job changes, number of unemployment periods, years out of work, mode occupational position and lack of job promotion.ResultsFor both men and women, results of negative binomial regressions indicate that adverse employment histories are related to higher levels of AL, particularly histories that are characterised by a continued disadvantaged occupational position, repeated periods of unemployment or years out of work. Findings are adjusted for partnership, age and education, and respondents with a health-related career interruption or early retirement are excluded.ConclusionsOur study highlights physiological responses as a mechanism through which chronic stress during working life is linked to poor health and calls for intervention efforts among more disadvantaged groups at early stages of labour market participation.

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“…Proponents for gig-work argue that this type of work provides individuals with greater flexibility and autonomy. However, individuals do not have minimum guarantees for work, and typically have little say about how much work they perform ( Freni-Sterrantino & Salerno, 2021 ). Generally, gig work is more prevalent in urban areas and with younger people, immigrants, and those from lower to middle socioeconomic class ( Freni-Sterrantino & Salerno, 2021 ; Tran & Sokas, 2017 ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, individuals do not have minimum guarantees for work, and typically have little say about how much work they perform ( Freni-Sterrantino & Salerno, 2021 ). Generally, gig work is more prevalent in urban areas and with younger people, immigrants, and those from lower to middle socioeconomic class ( Freni-Sterrantino & Salerno, 2021 ; Tran & Sokas, 2017 ). Individuals who use gig work to supplement another income source have higher satisfaction with gig work compared to those who rely on gig work as their main income ( Wood et al, 2019 ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Influences of zero hour contracts and disability – Analysis of the 1970 British Cohort study

Patel

Waynforth

2022

SSM - Population Health

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A Plea for the Need to Investigate the Health Effects of Gig-Economy

Cited by 28 publications

References 30 publications

Work-related stress and well-being in association with epigenetic age acceleration: A Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 Study

Work-related stress and well-being in association with epigenetic age acceleration: A Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 Study

Adverse employment histories and allostatic load: associations over the working life

Influences of zero hour contracts and disability – Analysis of the 1970 British Cohort study

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